Devices and Vaccines

Methods for Measuring Neural Activity During Voluntary Wheel Running.

BACKGROUND: Rodent wheel running provides a translational model to study the neurobiology of physical activity, including motivation, affect, and plasticity. However, the voluntary and unconstrained nature of wheel running makes precise behavior-to-signal alignment technically challenging. NEW METHOD: We present a workflow that aligns fiber photometry signals with pose-derived behavior during volu...

Multicenter evaluation of real-time artificial intelligence assistance for carotid artery stenting.

BACKGROUND: Unintended device movement during carotid artery stenting (CAS) may lead to procedural complications. Our previous preliminary single-center study using a real-time artificial intelligence (AI) assistance system suggested that AI may help detect such movements and offer potential clinical usefulness; however, the small sample size limited the strength of the findings. In this multicent...

An integrated evaluation framework for synthetic clinical data in severely imbalanced settings: fidelity, privacy-risk profiling, and diagnostic utility.

BACKGROUND: The development of clinical artificial intelligence models is constrained by limited access to high-quality electronic health record data,...

Impact of machine learning on spare parts availability for critical medical devices: a supervised machine learning perspective.

PURPOSE: This paper seeks to improve the reliability and quality of operation of the critical medical equipment methods through the combination of fai...

A Bionic Electronic Skin Based on Phase-Separated Ionogels and Macroscopic Triangular Geometric Optimization for AI-Assisted Tactile-Thermal Perception.

While bionic electronic skins are essential for multimodal tactile and thermal perception, distinguishing complex topographies with nonarrayed single-...

Evaluation of an AI-based segmentation model for mandibular fracture segmentation on CBCT using volumetric and 2D slice-based validation approaches.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based segmentation model for mandibular fracture...

Cancer-Associated Alterations In O-GalNAc Glycosylation.

Aberrant O-GalNAc glycans such as Tn, STn, and T are among the most consistent tumor-associated carbohydrate antigens, broadly expressed on carcinomas...

Beyond Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve: Evaluating Predictive Performance Metrics Under Class Imbalance in Real-World Clinical Data.

BACKGROUND: Predictive models increasingly support clinical decision-making, although imbalanced outcome distributions are common in health care datas...

Leveraging simulation to provide a practical framework for estimating the novel scope of risk of large language models in healthcare.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are rapidly entering clinical and consumer use, yet their probabilistic outputs have delivered a variety of u...

Predicting intradialytic exercise intolerance in maintenance hemodialysis patients: an interpretable machine learning approach integrating functional assessments.

Exercise intolerance, primarily manifesting as intradialytic hypotension (IDH), is common in maintenance hemodialysis patients, interrupting intervent...

Early prediction and risk assessment of adverse drug combinations using ensemble learning.

Modern day healthcare has seen an increase in polypharmacy, which is the prescription of multiple drugs as medication to treat illnesses simultaneousl...

A Two-Stage, Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Framework for the Detection and Classification of Ambient Pollen using Evanescent Wave Scattering.

Airborne pollen, an aeroallergen, impacts human health, particularly as climate change shifts pollen dynamics, requiring accurate monitoring to suppor...

Development of a preoperative accuracy prediction model using machine learning for implant placement in static-guided surgery: retrospective observational study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop a machine learning model capable of preoperatively predicting three-dimensional implant placement errors at the i...

Trends in the use of adult-specific preference-weighted health-related quality of life instruments in clinical trials over the past 50 years: a protocol for a meta-research study using deep learning-based natural language processing and large language models.

BACKGROUND: Health technology assessment bodies increasingly emphasise the importance of preference-weighted health-related quality of life (HRQoL) ev...

MammoDenseSegNet: A Context-Aware Deep Learning Model for Dense Tissue Segmentation in Digital Mammograms.

Breast density is a breast cancer risk factor. The accurate quantification of breast density requires reliable segmentation of dense tissue in mammogr...

Towards optimal valve prescription for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) surgery: a machine learning approach.

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) has emerged as a prominent, minimally invasive treatment for patients with severe aortic stenosis, a lif...

Identifying Patients at Elevated Risk of Stroke After.

BACKGROUND: Transcarotid artery revascularization (TCAR) has assumed a significant role in the surgical treatment of extracranial carotid occlusive di...

Public antibody clonotypes and deep learning identify SARS-CoV-2 and HIV broadly neutralizing antibodies in immune repertoires.

Broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) are essential for the development of vaccines and therapeutics against rapidly evolving pathogens like HIV and...

Engineered HSP90-MP65 Bivalent Fusion Antigen: A Novel Vaccine Candidate Against Invasive Candidiasis.

Invasive candidiasis represents a critical global health challenge, causing approximately 6.5 million bloodstream infections annually with mortality r...

AMI-SSS01 portable phonocardiographic examination with AI-assisted assessment for detecting heart failure exacerbations in home-based medical care in Japanese primary care clinics: a study protocol for a randomised controlled feasibility trial.

INTRODUCTION: The global prevalence of heart failure continues to increase, particularly in ageing populations. Many older patients receiving home-bas...