Devices and Vaccines

Recent Advances in Omics and Genetic Tools in Schistosome Research and Control.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease posing a persistent threat to global health, particularly in endemic areas. Mass drug administration with praziquantel has substantially reduced disease burden, yet its limited efficacy against juvenile worms, reinfection, and emerging resistance underscore the urgent need for innovative strategies. Recent advances in omics technologies including gen...

Clin-STAR Corner: Practice Changing Advances at the Interface of Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning and Geriatrics.

Artificial intelligence (AI) methods, including machine learning (ML), are transforming healthcare by enabling personalized interventions that integrate multimodal data to support rehabilitation, preventive care, and remote monitoring. Despite their broad potential, older adults remain underrepresented in model development, raising concerns about bias and limited generalizability. As AI/ML adoptio...

Trainable neuromorphic spintronic hardware Via analog finite-difference gradient methods.

Spintronic nano-neurons offer a promising route towards energy-efficient, high performance hardware neural networks thanks to their inherent low-input...

Biomedical Large Language Models and Prompt Engineering for Causality Assessment of Individual Case Safety Reports in Pharmacovigilance.

BACKGROUND: Biomedical Large Language Models (LLMs) combined with prompt engineering offer domain-specific reasoning, yet their application to individ...

Development, validation, and implementation of the antibody-secreting cell maturity index: Universal prediction of human plasma cell maturity.

Defining the maturity of long-lived antibody-secreting cells (ASCs) is important for vaccine optimization and research into autoimmune diseases, but c...

A Comprehensive Self-Medication Management System to Reduce Medication Errors Among People Living With Dementia: Mixed Methods Feasibility and Usability Study.

BACKGROUND: Medication adherence is a critical challenge for people living with dementia and their caregivers. Standard care relies on appropriate med...

LSTM-based safety-oriented prediction of big toe skin temperature in extreme cold conditions for mountaineering footwear evaluation.

This study proposes a safety-oriented framework for the assessment of mountaineering footwear insulation in extreme cold environments. A novel metric,...

Deep learning predicts stent implantation in borderline coronary lesions from angiography.

Accurate evaluation of coronary intermediate lesions (50-70% stenosis) is essential for stent decision-making, yet conventional angiography remains su...

Integrating ARIMA and Deep Learning Models for Counterfactual Evaluation of Nirsevimab's Early Impact on RSV Infant Admissions.

This study presents a hybrid modelling framework that integrates classical statistical methods (ARIMA) with deep learning architectures to enhance lon...

A Data-Driven Visit Windowing Approach Applied to Cochlear Implant Follow-Up Data.

INTRODUCTION: Cochlear implant (CI) patients require regular follow-up care over multiple visits to achieve optimal hearing outcomes. In clinical rout...

De-Identification of Free-Text Medical Records Using Large Language Models.

This study evaluates large language models (LLMs) for automated de-identification of free-text medical records. Using 150 synthetically generated, per...

THERA-IE: An AI-Enabled System for Therapeutic Indication Identification and Extraction from Biomedical Literature.

Drug-indication knowledge underpins evidence-based prescribing but remains challenging to maintain manually. Existing resources incompletely represent...

Interpretable Feature Extraction from Clinical Notes for Sepsis Prediction: Comparing Rule-Based, LLM, and Hybrid Approaches.

Embedding-based approaches integrate clinical notes into sepsis prediction models but produce uninterpretable representations, obscuring which clinica...

Proximal Junctional Kyphosis Prevention in Adult Spinal Deformity Surgery: A Technical Review of Tethering and Adjunctive Strategies.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) and proximal junctional failure (PJF) remain significant complications after long-segmen...

AI detection of peri-implantitis on 2D radiographs: a systematic review and diagnostic accuracy assessment.

Peri-implantitis is a major biological complication that compromises the longevity of dental implants, and accurate radiographic assessment is essenti...

Mixed Reality and Desktop Hand Hygiene Training with Deep Learning-Based Step Recognition and Real-Time Decision Support.

Hand hygiene (HH) is essential for preventing healthcare-associated infections, yet conventional monitoring approaches primarily capture event occurre...

Japanese-Language AI Agent System for Human Papillomavirus Vaccine Infoveillance and Public Communication: Development and Feasibility Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine hesitancy remains a significant public health challenge in Japan, where proactive vaccination recommend...

Optimization of connectome weights for a neural network model generating both forward and backward locomotion in C. elegans.

Previous studies tracking the relationship between manipulations of C. elegans neurons and the resulting behavioral changes have called for the develo...

Deep learning-driven automatic segmentation of uterine peristalsis in intracavitary electrohysterography signals.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Uterine peristalsis, the rhythmic contractions of the inner layer of the myometrium during the menstrual cycle, is more chal...

Enhancing prediction of inpatient deterioration by combining clinical and nurse concern features, with or without temporal clustering.

BACKGROUND: Early warning systems (EWSs) help clinicians identify deteriorating patients using clinical data, such as vital signs. However, standard s...