Devices and Vaccines

Med-ViX-Ray: Enhancing explainable chest X-ray analysis with clinical knowledge graphs.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Deep learning has achieved remarkable success in chest x-ray interpretation, yet most models remain black boxes, producing accurate predictions without exposing the clinical reasoning behind them. This opacity limits trust and adoption in real-world practice. We introduce Med-ViX-Ray, a knowledge-guided and interpretable framework that integrates symbolic clinical reasoni...

Study of bladder cancer detection in standard white light versus AI-supported endoscopy-01 (RAISE-01) - Development and validation of an AI-based support tool.

BACKGROUND: Diagnosis and surveillance of bladder cancer rely on white-light cystoscopy (WLC). However, this modality is operator-dependent and associated with a risk of missed lesions, contributing to high recurrence rates, especially in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) enable software-based decision support for bladder lesion detection, with pot...

Risk factor analysis and machine learning-based prediction model for type 4b acute myocardial infarction induced by very late stent thrombosis.

Predicting lithium-associated thyroid dysfunction through dimension reduction to establish a practical machine learning model: A retrospective multicenter study.

BACKGROUND: Thyroid dysfunction is a prevalent side effect among patients using lithium and links to refractory mood disorders. Existing predictive mo...

Machine learning and the role of the vaginal and fecal microbiome in miscarriage: a matched case-control study.

Miscarriage occurs in approximately 15% of all pregnancies, and recent studies have suggested a potential role of the microbiome. A nested case-contro...

Machine Learning Models for Identifying Dental Pain in Adolescents.

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to identify dental pain using machine learning (ML) algorithms in Brazilian adolescents for public health screening pur...

A complete blood count-based machine learning model for rapid differentiation of aplastic anemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and myelodysplastic syndromes in routine clinical practice.

BACKGROUND: Accurate differentiation of common hematologic disorders remains challenging in routine clinical practice and often requires invasive diag...

Predictive proteomics: Binary classification of Streptococcus pneumoniae vaccine types via MALDI-TOF MS and supervised learning algorithms.

INTRODUCTION: Laboratory surveillance of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotypes is crucial for the effective implementation of vaccines against invasive p...

Machine Learning to Characterize Speech Recognition and Quality of Life Outcomes in Adult Cochlear Implant Users.

OBJECTIVE: Adult cochlear implant (CI) users display enormous variability in both speech recognition (SR) and quality of life (QOL) outcomes. Traditio...

Integrated reiterative pipeline for rapid epitope-based pan-alphavirus vaccines.

The vast diversity of the virosphere underscores the need for rapid, adaptable vaccine development infrastructures. Arthropod-borne zoonotic alphaviru...

Prospective evaluation of artificial intelligence integration into breast cancer screening in multiple workflow settings: the GEMINI study.

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools can improve breast screening performance but different screening sites have varying needs. Here the GEMINI prospect...

Applications for the YOLO deep learning framework in dentistry: A narrative review.

PURPOSE: This narrative review aims to provide dental professionals and researchers with a comprehensive overview of YOLO applications in dentistry. S...

The Performance of Wearable Device-Based Artificial Intelligence in Detecting Depression: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: In recent years, advances in wearable sensor technology and artificial intelligence (AI) have provided new possibilities for detecting and...

Deep learning-assisted portable fluorescence device for dynamic monitoring of mercury absorption in rice.

Rice is a major pathway for mercury exposure in inland China, making dynamic monitoring of Hg2+ absorption essential. In this study, nitrogen-doped ca...

Bridging immunization gaps in Sub-Saharan Africa: a narrative review of microplanning, geospatial, and machine learning approaches to reach zero-dose children and under-immunised children.

Immunization inequities persist across Sub-Saharan Africa, with significant numbers of zero-dose and under-immunised children contributing to preventa...

Sociodemographic Risk Factors for Incomplete Routine Childhood Immunizations Among Children Born During the COVID-19 Pandemic, Louisiana, March 1, 2020-July 1, 2021.

OBJECTIVE: Routine childhood vaccination rates declined nationwide among children born during 2020-2021 compared with prior birth cohorts. We identifi...

Unexpected Applications of AlphaFold in Molecular Sciences.

AlphaFold, a groundbreaking artificial intelligence model developed by DeepMind, has transformed the field of structural biology by predicting protein...

The adaptive large language models for vaccine prediction: A novel approach to vaccine demand prediction with engineered deviation prompts.

Accurate vaccine demand forecasting is crucial for minimizing wastage and ensuring efficient immunization programs. In this study, we introduce an Ada...

Improving Maternal Health Equity and Outcomes Through the Development of a Clinician-Informed Algorithm: A Feasibility Study.

OBJECTIVE: Increasing proportions of adverse maternal health outcomes occur in the 12-month postpartum period and could be addressed in outpatient set...

Leveraging machine learning for accurate forecasting of pulmonary tuberculosis epidemics in a coastal city in China.

BACKGROUND: While pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) remains a leading notifiable cause of death in China, city-level monthly forecasts with sufficient reso...