Devices and Vaccines

Machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL) in vaccine target selection, design, development and characterization.

Vaccination is an effective approach that saves the lives of millions of people. Computer tools and technologies have recently helped design novel, safe, effective, and fastest vaccines. Among these tools and technologies, artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled tools and technologies, especially machine learning (ML) and deep learning (DL), with their incredible breakthroughs, have become the key fo...

Integrating administrative health data and machine learning to predict ALS onset.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to develop a Machine Learning (ML) model to predict the initial diagnosis of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). METHODS: To predict ALS, a stacked model combining four ML algorithms-logistic Regression, Decision Tree, Random Forest, and Extreme Gradient Boosting-was implemented. The analysis utilized healthcare administrative data from Catalonia, encompassing 2,924,59...

Predicting postrestorative facial appearance in edentulous patients using deep learning: A prospective cohort study.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Postrestorative facial appearance in edentulous patients remains unpredictable because of complex soft tissue dynamics, posing c...

Few FDA Approved AI/ML Orthopaedic Devices Have EU MDR Equivalents or Peer-Reviewed Validation.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine-learning (ML) technologies are increasingly being incorporated into orthopaedic medical devices, ...

BP/PdSe2 heterojunction device for broadband polarization-sensitive synaptic simulation, logic operation, navigation, all-day image processing and recognition.

Visual function is one of the most critical abilities of organisms to perceive the outside world, playing an indispensable role in the interaction bet...

Viral traits from deep mutational scanning and socio-demographic context predict SARS-CoV-2 lineage fitness across diverse countries.

OBJECTIVES: To assess the joint effects of SARS-CoV-2 viral traits (ACE2 binding, immune escape, and cell entry) and socio-demographic context on vira...

Use of Expected Utility to Evaluate Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Rule-out Devices for Mammography Screening.

BackgroundAn artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled rule-out device may autonomously remove patient images unlikely to have cancer from radiologist revi...

Regulatory Challenges and Opportunities: A Review of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-Approved Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning-Enabled Cardiovascular Devices.

The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into medical devices has revolutionized healthcare, enhancing diagnostic acc...

AI in healthcare: mapping Romania's transition from research to intellectual property & industry solutions.

OBJECTIVES: Romania is aligning its healthcare AI ecosystem with the European Union's AI Act (2024/1689), through its own National AI Strategy. Despit...

Redefining oropharyngeal cancer in the HPV era: integrating precision medicine and immunotherapeutic frontiers.

Oropharyngeal cancer (OPC) is increasingly driven by human papillomavirus (HPV), particularly HPV16, marking a shift in its epidemiology, prognosis, a...

Usability and accuracy of an artificial intelligence-based automatic meal tray photography device for estimating liquid food intake in healthcare settings.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Malnutrition affects hospital care and disease treatment. The evaluation of food intake is essential for assessing the nutritional ...

Developing a novel framework using optimized active stacking and explainable AI for heart disease prediction.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Heart disease is still the top driver of death worldwide, and developing accurate, interpretable, and efficient predictive s...

Artificial intelligence-assisted biliary stent length selection for common bile duct strictures in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography: Model development and validation.

BACKGROUND: Biliary stent placement during endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is important for drainage in common bile duct (CBD) s...

Evaluating the Performance of Claude 3.7 Sonnet in Data Extraction Automation for Systematic Literature Reviews.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the performance of Claude 3.7 Sonnet in automating data extraction for systematic literature reviews (SLRs). METHODS: An artif...

Deep learning framework for bronchoscopic diagnosis of burn inhalation injury.

Burn inhalation injury (BII) increases mortality and morbidity in burns patients. Accurate bronchoscopic grading, as the gold standard diagnostic moda...

The Development and Validation of Multivariable Electronic Health Record-Based Models to Predict Diabetic Ketoacidosis-Related Hospitalizations for Adults with Type 1 Diabetes.

AIM: To develop and validate models that use electronic health record (EHR) data to predict diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA)-related hospitalizations over ...

Digital twins and simulations in transcatheter coronary and structural heart interventions.

Digital twin technology, which enables the creation of patient-specific virtual models, is increasingly applied in interventional cardiology to suppor...

Examining the ability of artificial intelligence-driven occlusal contact adjustment to improve virtual occlusal record trueness for implant restorations: An in vitro study.

OBJECTIVES: This in vitro study evaluated the influence of artificial intelligence-driven occlusal contact adjustment (AI-OCA) on the trueness of virt...

Large language models accurately extract aortic information from abdominal imaging reports in a large, real-world database.

OBJECTIVE: Maintaining robust surveillance programs for abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) is important, but these programs are expensive and labor-int...

Precision medicine in orthopaedics: A review of current technologies and future directions.

PURPOSE: To synthesise the paradigm shift towards precision medicine in orthopaedics, where individual anatomical, biomechanical, molecular and kinema...