Diabetes

Macular OCT Classification Using a Multi-Scale Convolutional Neural Network Ensemble.

Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) of retinal pathologies is a current active area in medical image analysis. Due to the increasing use of retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging technique, a CAD system in retinal OCT is essential to assist ophthalmologist in the early detection of ocular diseases and treatment monitoring. This paper presents a novel CAD system based on a multi-scale convol...

A Neural-Network-Based Approach to Personalize Insulin Bolus Calculation Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring.

BACKGROUND: In type 1 diabetes (T1D) therapy, the calculation of the meal insulin bolus is performed according to a standard formula (SF) exploiting carbohydrate intake, carbohydrate-to-insulin ratio, correction factor, insulin on board, and target glucose. Recently, some approaches were proposed to account for preprandial glucose rate of change (ROC) in the SF, including those by Scheiner and by ...

Automatic Adaptation of Basal Insulin Using Sensor-Augmented Pump Therapy.

BACKGROUND: People with insulin-dependent diabetes rely on an intensified insulin regimen. Despite several guidelines, they are usually impractical an...

Decision Support in Diabetes Care: The Challenge of Supporting Patients in Their Daily Living Using a Mobile Glucose Predictor.

BACKGROUND: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM), patients play an active role in their own care and need to have the knowledge to adapt decisions to th...

Simulation and Synthesis in Medical Imaging.

This editorial introduces the Special Issue on Simulation and Synthesis in Medical Imaging. In this editorial, we define so-far ambiguous terms of sim...

Identifying Medical Diagnoses and Treatable Diseases by Image-Based Deep Learning.

The implementation of clinical-decision support algorithms for medical imaging faces challenges with reliability and interpretability. Here, we establ...

Automated System for Referral of Cotton-Wool Spots.

BACKGROUND: Cotton-wool spots also referred as soft exudates are the early signs of complications in the eye fundus of the patients suffering from dia...

Considerations for automated machine learning in clinical metabolic profiling: Altered homocysteine plasma concentration associated with metformin exposure.

With the maturation of metabolomics science and proliferation of biobanks, clinical metabolic profiling is an increasingly opportunistic frontier for ...

Diabetic macular edema grading in retinal images using vector quantization and semi-supervised learning.

BACKGROUND: Diabetic macular edema (DME) is one of the severe complication of diabetic retinopathy causing severe vision loss and leads to blindness i...

In vivo noninvasive blood glucose detection using near-infrared spectrum based on the PSO-2ANN model.

BACKGROUND: To improving the nursing level of diabetics, it is necessary to develop noninvasive blood glucose method.

Evaluating the Impact of Incorrect Diabetes Coding on the Performance of Multivariable Prediction Models.

The use of electronic health records for risk prediction models requires a sufficient quality of input data to ensure patient safety. The aim of our s...

Altered Expression Patterns of the Sumoylation Enzymes E1, E2 and E3 Are Associated with Glucose Oxidase- and UVA-Induced Cataractogenesis.

PURPOSE: Protein sumoylation is a well established regulatory mechanism that regulates chromatin structure and dynamics, cell proliferation and differ...

Increased lipocalin-2 vs reduced oxytocin in relation with adiposity, atherogenicity and hematological indices in metabolic syndrome patients with and without prediabetes.

OBJECTIVES: The neuropeptide hormone- Oxytocin (OXT) and glycoprotein Lipocalin-2 (LCN-2) are strongly associated with cardiometabolic risks of insuli...

Dietary Calcium Intake May Contribute to the HOMA-IR Score in Korean Females with Vitamin D Deficiency (2008-2012 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey).

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D and calcium are important factors involved in the regulation of blood glucose and insulin secretion. The Homeostatic Model Asses...

[Effects of Electroacupuncture on Ultrastructure of Interstitial Cells of Cajal and Stem Cell Factor-kit Signal Pathway of Gastric Antrum in Diabetic Gastroparesis Rats].

OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) on gastrointestinal motility and the ultrastructure of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) ...

[Effects of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 combined with fructooligosaccharides on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease induced by high-fat diet in mice].

To investigate the effects of Lactobacillus paracasei N1115 combined with fructooligosaccharides (FOS) on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) i...

Clinical and Electrophysiological Analysis of Chronic Eyelid Twitching.

PURPOSE: Nearly everyone had experience of eyelid twitching (ET) and most physicians think it is benign and self limited. Most neurologists consider i...

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning System for Diabetic Retinopathy and Related Eye Diseases Using Retinal Images From Multiethnic Populations With Diabetes.

IMPORTANCE: A deep learning system (DLS) is a machine learning technology with potential for screening diabetic retinopathy and related eye diseases.

Investigation of mechanisms involved in regulation of progesterone catabolism using an overfed versus underfed ewe-lamb model.

Alterations in progesterone (P4) catabolism due to high feed intake underlie some effects of nutrition on reproduction. Based on previous research, we...

Rapid Communication: Prolactin and hydrocortisone impact TNFα-mediated mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling and inflammation of bovine mammary epithelial (MAC-T) cells.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hormones prolactin (PRL) and hydrocortisone (HC) on bovine mammary alveolar (MAC-T) cel...