Diabetes

Exosomes in diabetic kidney disease: pathogenesis, biomarker discovery, and emerging therapeutics-a comprehensive systematic review.

Diabetic kidney disease (DKD), characterized by progressive renal dysfunction, is a prevalent microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus and a leading cause of end-stage renal disease worldwide. Despite advances in glycemic and blood pressure control, the incidence and prevalence of DKD continue to escalate, posing a growing public health challenge. Extracellular vesicles, particularly exosom...

A framework of hybrid deep learning and nature-inspired algorithms for accurate multi-class fundus disease classification.

Fundus imaging is an essential technique for detecting anatomical changes indicative of various ophthalmological diseases. These alterations-including changes in the macula, optic disc, fovea, and blood vessels-can signal conditions such as diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration, cataracts, and myopia. In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid framework for classifying mul...

Protective Effects of Riociguat Against Contrast-Induced Nephropathy: An Experimental and Machine Learning-Based Study in Rats.

Contrast-induced nephropathy (CIN) is an important cause of acute kidney injury following exposure to iodinated contrast media, and effective preventi...

Artificial intelligence iterative reconstruction in lower extremity computed tomography angiography (CTA) of diabetic patients: Improved visualization of distal and collateral arteries.

BackgroundThe impact of deep learning (DL)-based computed tomography (CT) reconstruction on the visualization of distal and collateral arteries in dia...

Data-Driven Phenotypic Clusters of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Associations With Risk of Perinatal Complications and Postpartum Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Management of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) largely follows a uniform approach, despite growing recognition of GDM heterogeneity. We ...

Adiposome Lipidomic Shifts Following Bariatric Surgery in Association With Weight Loss and Cardiometabolic Benefit.

CONTEXT: Adiposomes carry bioactive lipids that shape systemic metabolism and vascular function. OBJECTIVE: Building on our previous findings that obe...

Joint effects of physical activity and diet quality on depressive symptoms and all-cause mortality in adults with diabetes: NHANES 2007-2018.

Depressive symptoms are common among adults with diabetes and are associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including mortality. Evidence from genera...

Integrated molecular and clinical profiling of primary mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation disorders in an Indian cohort: Insights from genetics, neuroimaging, and machine learning.

Primary mitochondrial disorders are clinically and genetically heterogeneous and remain underdiagnosed in resource-limited settings. We performed a re...

A review on molecular crosstalk: Bioactive polysaccharides and gut microbiota in type 2 diabetes-Pathways, signaling, and therapeutic translation.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, impaired glucose homeostasis, and low-grade inflam...

Insulin resistance prediction from wearables and routine blood biomarkers.

Insulin resistance (IR), a primary precursor to type 2 diabetes, is characterized by impaired insulin action in tissues1. However, diagnostic methods ...

Tissue morphology predicts telomere shortening in human tissues.

We present TLPath, a deep learning framework that predicts bulk-tissue telomere length from tissue morphology extracted from routine histopathology im...

High-Fidelity Synthetic Data Replicates Clinical Prediction Performance in a Million-Patient Diabetes Cohort.

Synthetic patient data offer a promising avenue for clinical research, but their usefulness depends on preserving statistical fidelity, biomedical pla...

The Virtual Diabetes Control and Complications Trial #4: Relationship of HbA1c and Continuous Glucose Monitoring Metrics with Severe Hypoglycemic Events.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate how continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics relate to severe hypoglycemia (SH) events in individuals with type 1 di...

Improving the Algorithm: The Inclusion of a Socioeconomic Status Measure in Predicting Type 2 Diabetes Development in Youth With Prediabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether the Area Deprivation Index (ADI) contributes to predicting type 2 diabetes development in youth with prediabetes compar...

Patient Perceptions of Artificial Intelligence in Diabetes Self-Management: Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly applied in chronic disease management, including diabetes, where it has the potential to supp...

An inflammatory biomarker panel for prediabetes classification using interpretable machine learning.

OBJECTIVE: Prediabetes is a silent condition that often goes undetected. However, timely interventions could prevent its progression to type 2 diabete...

Protective Effect of the FOXO3 Gene in Cardiometabolic Disease in the CHAMP Cohort.

Recent findings from the Honolulu Heart Program cohort in Hawaii suggest a longevity-associated variant of FOXO3 may provide resilience against cardio...

Use of continuous glucose monitoring to stratify individuals without diabetes.

BACKGROUND: Early detection of metabolic dysfunction before diabetes onset remains a critical challenge in preventive medicine. Although glucose dynam...

Integrated cortical-cognitive signatures identified by machine learning enable early detection of MCI in type 2 diabetes.

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) confers a significant risk for Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI), yet robust biomarkers for early detection remain limit...

Exploring the potential of XAI methods in generating clinically meaningful explanations for glycemia prediction in diabetes patients.