Diabetes

Optimizing guideline-directed medical therapy in chronic kidney disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus patients in primary care.

BACKGROUND: Despite KDIGO (Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes) recommendations for renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi's) and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2i's) as first-line medications in chronic kidney disease and Type 2 diabetes mellitus patients, implementation gaps persist. We aimed to identify the reasons behind these gaps and develop strategies t...

Detection and quantification of fluorescein angiography leakage: From manual grading to advances in machine learning.

Fluorescein angiography (FA) has long been a cornerstone for evaluating retinal vascular leakage in diseases like uveitis, diabetic retinopathy, and macular degeneration, but its interpretation relies on subjective grading that can vary between clinicians. With the emergence of artificial intelligence (AI), there is a push to transform this qualitative assessment into objective, quantifiable metri...

Exploration and analysis of methylglyoxal-driven chronic inflammation in polycystic ovary syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: Chronic low-grade inflammation drives polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)-related metabolic disorders, but the underlying mechanisms remain...

Letter to the Editor "The role of artificial intelligence in diabetic retinopathy screening in type 1 diabetes: A systematic review".

Adaptive Graph Prompting Meets Contrastive Learning: A Multi-View Framework for Metabolite-Disease Association Prediction.

Metabolite-disease associations (MDAs) are critical for advancing precision medicine, yet existing computational methods face challenges in data spars...

Flexible wearable medical devices: from material innovations and data processing to intelligent healthcare applications.

BACKGROUND: Flexible wearable medical devices drive healthcare transformation via non-invasive, real-time physiological monitoring and personalized ma...

Proteomic signature of dementia risk in type 2 diabetes.

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) significantly increases dementia risk, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this association remain unclear. OB...

FTIR spectroscopy imaging coupled with machine learning reveals biochemical changes in the brains of diabetic mice.

Diabetic encephalopathy is a progressive complication of type 2 diabetes, yet its region-specific biochemical changes remain unclear. In this study, w...

Predicting fracture toughness of human cortical bone from donors with and without type 2 diabetes using Raman spectroscopy and machine learning.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is associated with increased skeletal fragility, yet standard clinical assessments often fail to detect diabetes-induc...

Emerging innovations in ophthalmic drug delivery for diabetic retinopathy: a translational perspective.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a progressive microvascular complication of diabetes and a leading cause of vision impairment worldwide. Despite advancem...

Modification and applications of glucose oxidase: optimization strategies and high-throughput screening technologies.

Glucose oxidase (GOD), an oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.3.4), catalyzes the oxidation of β-D-glucose to gluconic acid using molecular oxygen as the electron ...

Prediabetes phenotypes: can aetiology and risk profile guide lifestyle strategies for diabetes prevention?

INTRODUCTION: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) continues to worsen globally alongside rise in obesity. Asymptomatic dysglycaemia, which precedes T2D, provides op...

Identification of diagnostic biomarkers and dissecting immune microenvironment with crosstalk genes in the POAG and COVID-19 nexus.

An underlying association between primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and COVID-19 has been hypothesized, but the causal link and shared mechanisms rem...

Identification and validation of epithelial‑mesenchymal transition‑related genes for diabetic nephropathy by WGCNA and machine learning.

Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is the main cause of end‑stage renal disease, with epithelial‑mesenchymal transition (EMT) serving a key role in its initiat...

Development and validation of personalized risk prediction models for patients with IgA nephropathy: a nationwide multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Effective prediction of immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) progression is crucial for early intervention and management. We aimed to deve...

Diagnostic immune-related markers for diabetic kidney disease: a bioinformatics and machine learning approach.

OBJECTIVE: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a leading cause of chronic kidney disease, with chronic inflammation driving its progression. This study a...

Exhaled gas biomarkers: a non-invasive approach for distinguishing diabetes and its complications.

Exhaled gas detection offers a safe, convenient, and non-invasive clinical diagnostic method for preventing the progression of diabetes to complicatio...

Multidomain Behavioral Change Digital Coaching for Chronic Disease Management in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Framework Development and Preliminary Evaluation.

BACKGROUND: Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors have been identified as a major cause of numerous health issues, with a steady global increase in their prev...

Diabetic retinopathy detection using adaptive deep convolutional neural networks on fundus images.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is an age-related macular degeneration eye disease problem that causes pathological changes in the retinal neural and vascul...

Enhancing diabetes risk prediction through focal active learning and machine learning models.

To improve the effectiveness of diabetes risk prediction, this study proposes a novel method based on focal active learning strategies combined with m...