Diabetes

Preoperative Optimization for Ventral Hernia Repair: Augmented Evidence Review.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative optimization is widely recommended for patients undergoing ventral hernia repair. However, the clinical impact of individual risk factors remains uncertain. This study aimed to evaluate the association of obesity, diabetes mellitus, and smoking with postoperative outcomes and to compare these findings with surgeon practices and existing literature. METHODS: The augmented e...

Arterial Spin Labeling of Cerebral Perfusion in Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome: A Proof-of-Concept Comparison with FDG-PET.

BACKGROUND: Despite the clinical utility of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in evaluating patients with unresponsive wakefulness syndrome (UWS), its use is constrained by high cost, limited availability, the need for radioactive tracers, and other factors. Arterial spin labeling (ASL) provides a noninvasive measure of cerebral perfusion, yet direct comparisons with ...

Sex differences in microvascular patterns associated with low- and high-risk for cardiovascular disease.

BACKGROUND: The role of the microcirculation in cardiovascular health in males and females is not fully understood. Skin microvascular function can be...

Artificial intelligence for early detection of diabetic retinopathy: A vision transformer-based approach.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is a primary cause of vision impairment globally, is a crucial phasis for effecti...

Integrated multi-level transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis identifies lipid metabolism-ubiquitination signatures and reveals ATG5, ASB4, LDLR, and CD36 as Candidate biomarkers in insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance (IR) is the core pathological basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to identify core lipid metabolism-ubiquiti...

A bibliometric analysis of global trends in AI-driven digital health technologies for diabetes management.

BACKGROUND: Digital health technologies are increasingly applied in diabetes care, enabling continuous monitoring, personalized support and remote int...

Ultra-widefield color fundus images and artificial intelligence for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus cameras capture a larger retinal area without pupil dilation. We summarized evidence and diagnostic performance ...

Noninvasive diabetes mellitus classification based on HbA1c using the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients from the photoplethysmographic signal.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic condition with improper regulation of blood sugar levels and is one of the leading global causes of death. G...

Development and validation of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting hypertension risk in patients with psoriasis.

OBJECTIVE: Hypertension is a common yet frequently underdiagnosed comorbidity in psoriasis patients. Early identification and blood pressure control a...

Classifying Diabetic and Healthy β-Cells in Type 2 Diabetes Using Machine Learning on Single-Cell RNA Sequencing Data.

Diabetes is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to impaired insulin production or function. Two main forms...

Using Large Language Models to Generate Retina Patient Education Material: A Comparative Analysis With American Society of Retina Specialists Patient Brochures.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the readability, quality, and misinformation of patient education materials generated by large language models, including ChatGPT...

The mediating role of genes in the influence of intestinal flora on type 2 diabetes and the screening of diagnostic markers.

INTRODUCTION: The composition of intestinal flora affects the occurrence and development of type 2 diabetes to some extent, with dysregulation of the ...

Model-Guided Optimization of a Low-Serum Medium for Madin-Darby Canine Kidney Cells Using a Kolmogorov-Arnold Network and Bayesian Optimization.

Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells are important hosts for cell culture-based viral vaccine production, but fetal bovine serum (FBS) supplementati...

Optimized Metabolic Conditions Reveal the Adipogenic Competence of Wharton's Jelly MSCs: Insight from Literature Review and Experimental Validation.

Mesenchymal stromal/stem cells (MSCs) derived from distinct tissue niches exhibit marked functional heterogeneity, yet the determinants governing thei...

Clinically aligned artificial intelligence for glaucoma diagnosis: enhancing retinal nerve fibre layer interpretation from fundus images.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop an interpretable artificial intelligence (AI) screening system that replicates a specialist's evalu...

Bridging Audience Segmentation and Message Intervention: AI-Generated HBM-Based Messages for Diabetes Prevention.

Health communication often faces a segmentation-intervention gap: psychographic segmentation identifies meaningful audience profiles, but these profil...

ANGPTL4 in gestational diabetes: a diagnostic biomarker linked to placental senescence.

Current diagnostic methods for Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) inadequately reflect early placental pathophysiology. Accelerated cellular senescen...

Digital phenotyping of CGM engagement reveals distinct glycemic outcomes.

Benefits from continuous glucose monitors (CGMs) may depend on how devices are used over time-not only how often they are used. We linked one year of ...

Effect of cataracts on systemic factor prediction from fundus images.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of cataracts on systemic factor predictions from fundus images by comparing predictive values before and after catar...

Teleophthalmology for Retinal Disease Screening and Referral in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Case Overview of India.

Innovations like teleophthalmology have made great strides in improving access to care for patients with retinal disease by enabling prompt screening ...