Diet & Nutrition

AI Patient Support and 6-Month Medication Adherence in a Digital Obesity Program: A Retrospective Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Real-world glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) therapies face substantial attrition rates in commercial digital weight loss services (DWLSs). Conversational artificial intelligence (AI) has been proposed to enhance patient support at production scale, but robust evidence of its effectiveness in improving medication retention is scarce. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effect...

Consumer Perceptions of the German Food-Based Dietary Guidelines and the Complementary Potential of AI-Based Nutrition Tools.

Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) are a key instrument for communicating healthy nutrition principles that are implemented in most countries. However, adherence remains low, and recent literature highlights the need for improvements. This exploratory study investigated consumer perceptions of the German FBDGs, focusing on strengths and areas for improvement. Ten individuals with diverse demogr...

Apolipoprotein M: A liver-derived lipid-binding protein protects against heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by inhibiting TGF-β signaling.

BACKGROUND: Visceral and hepatic adiposity and associated inflammation are recognized as prominent features of heart failure (HF) with preserved eject...

Comment on "Artificial Intelligence in Clinical Nutrition: A Narrative Review".

Biocementation shows a three-dimensional geometry dependence in microfluidic pore networks mapped by deep-learning segmentation.

Microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation (MICP) can transform granular media into cohesive, load-bearing materials, yet pore-scale design r...

Interpretable machine learning for gallstone risk prediction: an ensemble stacking approach with SHAP analysis.

Gallstone disease is a gastrointestinal condition requiring accessible, low-cost screening tools. We developed an interpretable ensemble stacking mode...

An interpretable multimodal biomechanical-radiological model for predicting fixation failure in osteoporotic hip fractures: A retrospective cohort study.

This study aimed to develop and validate a multimodal prediction model integrating biomechanical and radiological variables to predict internal fixati...

Decoding how macronutrients influence depressive symptoms: Combined insights from regression, nonlinear modeling, and machine learning: a cross-sectional study using NHANES data.

Dietary management is an essential component of comprehensive depression care;however, studies simultaneously evaluating multiple macronutrients and t...

Left Atrial Myopathy Across the Spectrum of Pediatric Heart Disease: Imaging, Mechanobiology, and Clinical Consequences.

Left atrial (LA) function has emerged as a critical determinant of cardiovascular performance and disease progression across the spectrum of pediatric...

A comprehensive descriptive analysis of hip and knee radiographic osteoarthritis in the UK Biobank in relation to joint pain, joint site interrelationships, obesity, race and deprivation: Findings from 59,475 individuals.

OBJECTIVE: Patients with osteoarthritis (OA) affecting multiple joints experience greater pain than those with single-joint disease, yet most research...

Legume-based selenium bioavailability for crop and human nutrition: A global meta-analysis.

Selenium (Se) plays an important role in plant growth and human nutrition, and its narrow safety margin can cause adverse effects in the legume-based ...

Identification of obesity risk factors in 3-12-year-old children and adolescents with prior respiratory tract infections via interpretable machine and deep learning models.

BACKGROUNDS AND OBJECTIVES: Childhood obesity and respiratory tract infections (RTIs) are 2 major global public health issues that frequently co-occur...

The Clinical Course of Chronic Venous Disease.

OBJECTIVE: The clinical manifestations of chronic venous disease (CVD) range from varicose veins (VV) to, ultimately, venous ulceration, representing ...

Bo-Net: Deep learning-based model for automatic bone stromal cell segmentation of fluorescence microscopy images.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Bone is a multicellular organ that is the site of complex pathophysiological events (such as cancer). 3D confocal and multi...

Performance, Safety, and Patient Experience of an Autonomous Robotic Phlebotomy Device: A Multicenter Trial.

BACKGROUND: Automated phlebotomy has the potential to improve patient outcomes and address phlebotomist workforce challenges. The Autonomous Blood Dra...

Identification of Activity, Insulin, and Dietary Thresholds Associated With Exercise-Related Hypoglycaemia and Hyperglycaemia in Children With Type 1 Diabetes: A Free-Living Study Using Explainable Machine Learning.

AIMS: Some studies have explored associations between physical activity (PA) and hypoglycaemia in real-life in type 1 diabetes (T1D) but without fully...

A machine learning-based framework for individualized physical activity and strength targets related to women's bone health.

While substantial evidence supports the associations between physical activity and bone health, the present study aims to advance the field by applyin...

Meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guidelines and Frailty Risk: Evidence From Two Nationally Representative Population Studies and Machine-Learning Models.

AIM: This study aimed to examine the association between meeting the 24-Hour Movement Guideline components-moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVP...

Artificial Intelligence in Food-Nutrition-Health Research: From Multimodal Data Integration to Precision Intervention.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming food-nutrition-health research by enabling pattern recognition in complex, high-dimensional datasets that...

Integrating gut‑brain axis insights into bundled nutrition care for critically ill patients: From mechanisms to implementation (Review).

Critical illness induces a marked disruption of the gut‑brain axis, which is characterized by systemic inflammation and the rapid collapse of intestin...