Endocrinology

Noninvasive blood glucose sensing using near infra-red spectroscopy and artificial neural networks based on inverse delayed function model of neuron.

In this paper, a non-invasive blood glucose sensing system is presented using near infra-red(NIR) spectroscopy. The signal from the NIR optodes is processed using artificial neural networks (ANN) to estimate the glucose level in blood. In order to obtain accurate values of the synaptic weights of the ANN, inverse delayed (ID) function model of neuron has been used. The ANN model has been implement...

The Impact of Oversampling with SMOTE on the Performance of 3 Classifiers in Prediction of Type 2 Diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the impact of the synthetic minority oversampling technique (SMOTE) on the performance of probabilistic neural network (PNN), naïve Bayes (NB), and decision tree (DT) classifiers for predicting diabetes in a prospective cohort of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS).

European Association of Endoscopic Surgeons (EAES) consensus statement on the use of robotics in general surgery.

Following an extensive literature search and a consensus conference with subject matter experts the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. Robotic sur...

Hypoglycemia prediction using machine learning models for patients with type 2 diabetes.

Minimizing the occurrence of hypoglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes is a challenging task since these patients typically check only 1 to 2 self...

A systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating completeness and outcomes of robotic thyroidectomy.

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Despite immense interest, robotic-assisted thyroidectomy (RT) remains controversial in differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). ...

Rule extraction from support vector machines using ensemble learning approach: an application for diagnosis of diabetes.

Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease and a worldwide public health challenge. It has been shown that 50-80% proportion of T2DM is undiagnosed. In th...

Retroauricular robotic thyroidectomy with concomitant neck-lift surgery.

BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted thyroid surgery using a retroauricular approach was reported as a novel remote access technique for hemithyroidectomy. We...

Forecasting Trajectories of Physiological Mechanics with Sparse Clinical Data Using a Data Assimilation and Machine Learning Hybrid

Clinical decisions for determining optimal patient-specific interventions are complicated prediction tasks that rely on health care professionals' und...

Adversarial Validation Reveals Diagnostic Workflow Leakage in PCOS Machine Learning Models

Background: Machine-learning models for polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and other conditions frequently report near-perfect diagnostic performance, b...

Precision Management of Fludrocortisone-Related Hypertension Risk in Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia: A Machine Learning Approach to Personalized Dosing

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH) is a rare inherited disorder requiring lifelong hormone replacement therapy. Excessive hormone replacement poses ...

GlucoTune: A Unified Framework for Blood Glucose Preprocessing, Forecasting, and Benchmarking in Diabetes

Preprocessing blood glucose time-series data is a critical yet often overlooked step in developing data-driven methods for diabetes management, partic...

PRISM-DR: Per-lesion Retinal Inference with Specialist Models for Diabetic Retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of preventable blindness; its early lesions are small, low contrast, and easily missed in manual screening. Mo...

Leveraging multiplicity in biologically informed neural networks to uncover disease heterogeneity

Biologically inspired neural networks (BINNs) embed pathway, ontology, or protein-interaction structure directly into neural networks, promising inter...

CardioMeta: Calibrated Multi-Task Prediction of Diabetes, Hypertension, and Cardiovascular Disease Across Population and EHR Data

Cardiometabolic diseases remain among the most persistent drivers of preventable morbidity because diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease ...

Coupled Cell-Intrinsic and Microenvironmental Heterogeneity Drives Divergent Trajectories in Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer

Castration-resistant prostate cancer emerges from coupling between cell-intrinsic heterogeneity and microenvironmental constraints. Mechanistically di...

Analytical perturbation reveals hidden instability of biological phenotypes

Background Unsupervised machine learning has become a cornerstone of computational phenotyping across clinical medicine, genomics, imaging, and multi-...

The Swiss Integrated Care (INCA) Study: Description of a Novel Prospective Cohort of Patients and Caregivers in Reimbursed Informal Care

Methods INCA is a prospective, single-center cohort study with nationwide recruitment. Participation is open to adult patients and informal caregivers...

Life-Stage Heterogeneity in the Mental Health Treatment Gap: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Profiling of Symptomatic US Adults

Abstract Background Despite a rising global psychiatric burden, a treatment gap persists where the majority of symptomatic individuals remain unmedica...

Calibrated Selective Prediction Using Deep Ensembles for ROI-Based Thyroid Nodule Ultrasound Classification Under Dataset Shift: A Retrospective Evaluation

Background: Deep learning models can classify thyroid nodules on ultrasound, but reliable clinical decision support also requires calibrated probabili...

SURPASS-HF: Safety and Utility of Remote Pulmonary Artery Sensor Shared-management in Heart Failure

_ SURPASS-HF: Safety and Utility of Remote Pulmonary Artery Sensor Shared-management in Heart Failure --Background-- Insulin-dependent diabetics self-...