Endocrinology

Machine learning detecting aggression among mood disorder patients visited in psychiatric emergency departments.

BACKGROUND: Aggression, which is highly prevalent in patients with mood disorders, has been proven valuable in detecting the progression from hypomania to manic episode, enabling a timely diagnosis and treatment. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop a machine learning model and explore variables detecting and distinguishing aggression among patients visited psychiatric emergency departments. METH...

Exploring the feature prioritization and data sampling of PCOS diagnosis via densely connected attention based squeeze deep learning detection model.

Accurate and timely diagnosis remains a challenge due to the complexity of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) symptoms and data imbalance issues in the existing datasets. This research aims to develop a robust PCOS detection model that addresses these challenges by introducing a novel hybrid methodology with effective feature prioritization while handling data balancing issues. The research involves...

ChatGPT-5-Based large language model analysis versus an FDA-approved AI-CAD system for thyroid nodule ultrasound evaluation.

PURPOSE: Recent advances in multimodal large language models (LLMs) have demonstrated promising potential for medical image analysis, yet their diagno...

Nanopore Analysis of Malto-oligosaccharides from Amylose, Amylopectin, and Cyclodextrin Hydrolysates.

Malto-oligosaccharides, structurally diverse glucose polymers comprising 2-10 monosaccharide units, play vital roles in food science, pharmaceuticals,...

Beneficial effect of animal skin-derived bioactive peptides on type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review on preparation, structure-activity relationship, and blood glucose regulation mechanism.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a global disease threatening human health. Regulating blood glucose homeostasis is a key strategy for the treatment...

Molecular mechanism and structure-activity relationships of natural source polysaccharides in intervening type 2 diabetes mellitus through antioxidant effects: A systematic review.

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a prevalent metabolic disorder closely associated with oxidative stress. Natural source polysaccharides (NSPs) show...

A machine learning-based model for the prediction of thyroid eye disease with oxidative stress-related biomarkers.

Thyroid eye disease (TED), the most common adult orbital disease, can significantly impair patients' quality of life. Currently, effective diagnostic ...

Transfer learning for non-invasive glucose prediction under albumin interference in NIR spectroscopy.

This study proposes a transfer learning framework for non-invasive glucose prediction using diffuse-reflectance near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy, alon...

Evaluation of ADP Glucose Pyrophosphorylase Subunit Interaction in Wheat by Binding Free Energy Calculations.

ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase; E.C. 2.7.7.27) is the rate-limiting enzyme catalyzing the first committed step of starch biosynthesis in higher...

Stage-specific FeS-mediated regulation of Paracoccus denitrificans during carbon consumption by machine learning-assisted comparative proteomics.

Inorganic electron donors improve low C/N wastewater denitrification performance and management. This study used an integrated strategy combining prot...

Development and validation of a machine learning model to predict functional outcomes in patients with recent small subcortical infarction.

OBJECTIVE: A substantial proportion of patients (12 %-25 %) with recent small subcortical infarction (RSSI) suffer poor functional outcomes at 3 month...

Elevated Retinal Neovascularization on Widefield Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography Predicts Complications in High-Risk Proliferative Diabetic Retinopathy.

PURPOSE: To determine whether retinal neovascularization (RNV) metrics derived from single-shot widefield swept-source OCT angiography (SS-OCTA) predi...

Protector role of muscle quality against diabetes in non-elderly U.S. adults.

BACKGROUND: Since 1980, the number of people with diabetes has doubled globally, a figure expected to reach 783 million by 2045. The Muscle Quality In...

Estimating the effect of reducing average annual ambient PM2.5 concentrations on allostatic load in children.

OBJECTIVE: Chronic exposure to environmental stressors may result in dysregulation across the body's adaptive stress-response systems, which can be co...

Machine learning-based prediction of large-for-gestational-age neonates in diabetic and non-diabetic pregnancies.

OBJECTIVE: This study determines whether a machine-learning model integrating sonographic biometry with maternal clinical parameters improves predicti...

Relationship between cardiometabolic index and worsening renal function in T2DM: Insights from machine learning, growth mixture modelling, and development of a web-based risk prediction tool.

AIM: Worsening renal function (WRF) is a common and serious complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), contributing to adverse clinical outcomes...

Neuroinflammation and insulin resistance in major depression and bipolar disorder: Implications for clinical trials evaluating immunometabolic targeted therapies.

Bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) are highly prevalent, disabling psychiatric illnesses marked by substantial heterogeneity an...

Automatic segmentation-based radiomics and deep learning combined with clinical parameters for precise differentiation of lipid-poor adrenal adenomas and metastases.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of a combined model automatic segmentation-based radiomics and deep learning, integrated with clinical par...

Evaluating the efficacy of the ResNet50 deep learning model utilizing thyroid scintigraphy images for predicting the outcomes of initial iodine-131 therapy in patients with Graves' disease.

BACKGROUND: Graves' disease (GD), a leading cause of hyperthyroidism, exhibits heterogeneous responses to iodine-131 therapy, underscoring the need fo...

EGR1 promotes ferroptosis in endometriosis through transcriptional activation of HMOX1.

Endometriosis (EM) affects approximately 10% of women of reproductive age and remains a prevalent estrogen-dependent gynecological disorder with limit...