Endocrinology

Dichotomous associations of circulating short-chain organic acids with cognitive impairment in older adults: An epidemiological and network analysis study.

BackgroundShort-chain organic acids (SCOAs) may have paradoxical effects on neurocognition, acting as either neuroprotective bioenergetic substrates or potential neurotoxicants. However, the joint effects of SCOA mixtures on cognitive impairment and the mechanisms underlying their divergent associations remain unclear.ObjectiveTo investigate the joint effects of serum SCOAs mixtures on cognitive i...

Data-driven endocrine-metabolic phenotypes in young women with polycystic ovary syndrome and associations with cardiometabolic risk markers.

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a heterogeneous endocrine disorder associated with reproductive dysfunction and increased cardiometabolic risk. Conventional diagnostic phenotypes may not adequately capture endocrine-metabolic variability, particularly in young women. We aimed to identify data-driven endocrine-metabolic phenotypes in young women with PCOS and assess their associations with sele...

The Performance of ChatGPT-4o and DeepSeek-R1 in Interpreting Thyroid Nodule Ultrasound Text Reports: Multicenter Study.

BACKGROUND: Although thyroid nodules are detected in up to 60% of adults on ultrasound, the vast majority are benign, creating a substantial decision-...

Deep learning models for predicting clinical activity and characteristics in thyroid eye disease using magnetic resonance imaging.

PURPOSE: This project aims to develop and evaluate deep learning models using orbital magnetic resonance imaging for the prediction of continuous clin...

Bisphenol A exposure in myasthenia gravis: Potential targets and mechanisms revealed by network toxicology and molecular dynamics.

BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a B-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Although genetic pred...

INSIGHT: Ingest and Standardize Glucose Harmonization Tool.

BACKGROUND: Publicly available continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) datasets are fragmented across schemas, limiting reuse, pooling, and machine learni...

An integrated deep learning and Bayesian computational method-based quantification of angiogenesis in the chick embryo model.

Angiogenesis is the process of the formation of new blood vessels from existing vessels, and it sits directly at the intersection of normal physiology...

Preoperative Optimization for Ventral Hernia Repair: Augmented Evidence Review.

BACKGROUND: Preoperative optimization is widely recommended for patients undergoing ventral hernia repair. However, the clinical impact of individual ...

Arterial Spin Labeling of Cerebral Perfusion in Unresponsive Wakefulness Syndrome: A Proof-of-Concept Comparison with FDG-PET.

BACKGROUND: Despite the clinical utility of [18F]-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) in evaluating patients with unresponsive w...

Perioperative predictors of biochemical remission in acromegaly: a predictive modeling study.

PURPOSE: Biochemical remission after transsphenoidal resection for acromegaly remains challenging, and early prognostication is limited. This study ap...

Sex differences in microvascular patterns associated with low- and high-risk for cardiovascular disease.

BACKGROUND: The role of the microcirculation in cardiovascular health in males and females is not fully understood. Skin microvascular function can be...

Phenotypic Clustering of Idiopathic Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: Insights Into Pulmonary Vascular and Cardiometabolic Co-Morbidity Trajectories.

Idiopathic pulmonary arterial hypertension (IPAH) exhibits significant clinical heterogeneity, necessitating a precision medicine approach. This study...

Artificial intelligence for early detection of diabetic retinopathy: A vision transformer-based approach.

BACKGROUND: Early identification of diabetic retinopathy (DR), which is a primary cause of vision impairment globally, is a crucial phasis for effecti...

Integrated multi-level transcriptomic and bioinformatics analysis identifies lipid metabolism-ubiquitination signatures and reveals ATG5, ASB4, LDLR, and CD36 as Candidate biomarkers in insulin resistance.

Insulin resistance (IR) is the core pathological basis of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study aimed to identify core lipid metabolism-ubiquiti...

Performance of Large Language Model-Based Chatbots in Primary Health Care Teleconsultations: A Comparison Between Human and Artificial Intelligence-Generated Responses.

INTRODUCTION: Telehealth is a strategic component of primary health care and has advanced in Brazil through the National Telehealth Program. Its benef...

Integrated multi-omics analysis suggests a potential mechanism of DEHP-induced monocyte infiltration in MASH via the FOS-CCL3/4 axis.

OBJECTIVE: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widespread environmental obesogen; however, its immune-proinflammatory mechanisms in the progressio...

A bibliometric analysis of global trends in AI-driven digital health technologies for diabetes management.

BACKGROUND: Digital health technologies are increasingly applied in diabetes care, enabling continuous monitoring, personalized support and remote int...

Development and validation of a machine learning-based hierarchical classification model for predicting the early therapeutic response to initial 131I therapy in papillary thyroid carcinoma.

OBJECTIVE: Personalized tools for accurately predicting papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients' response to initial 131I therapy are lacking. This...

Ultra-widefield color fundus images and artificial intelligence for diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus cameras capture a larger retinal area without pupil dilation. We summarized evidence and diagnostic performance ...

Noninvasive diabetes mellitus classification based on HbA1c using the mel-frequency cepstral coefficients from the photoplethysmographic signal.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic condition with improper regulation of blood sugar levels and is one of the leading global causes of death. G...