Ethics

Motion Transfer-Driven intra-class data augmentation for Finger Vein Recognition

Finger vein recognition (FVR) has emerged as a secure biometric technique because of the confidentiality of vascular bio-information. Recently, deep learning-based FVR has gained increased popularity and achieved promising performance. However, the limited size of public vein datasets has caused overfitting issues and greatly limits the recognition performance. Although traditional data augmenta...

"Did my figure do justice to the answer?" : Towards Multimodal Short Answer Grading with Feedback (MMSAF)

Assessments play a vital role in a student's learning process. This is because they provide valuable feedback crucial to a student's growth. Such assessments contain questions with open-ended responses, which are difficult to grade at scale. These responses often require students to express their understanding through textual and visual elements together as a unit. In order to develop scalable a...

Can We Get Rid of Handcrafted Feature Extractors? SparseViT: Nonsemantics-Centered, Parameter-Efficient Image Manipulation Localization through Spare-Coding Transformer

Non-semantic features or semantic-agnostic features, which are irrelevant to image context but sensitive to image manipulations, are recognized as e...

The Generative AI Ethics Playbook

The Generative AI Ethics Playbook provides guidance for identifying and mitigating risks of machine learning systems across various domains, includi...

Concurrent vertical and horizontal federated learning with fuzzy cognitive maps

Data privacy is a major concern in industries such as healthcare or finance. The requirement to safeguard privacy is essential to prevent data breac...

Accelerating lensed quasar discovery and modeling with physics-informed variational autoencoders

Strongly lensed quasars provide valuable insights into the rate of cosmic expansion, the distribution of dark matter in foreground deflectors, and t...

Analyzing Images of Legal Documents: Toward Multi-Modal LLMs for Access to Justice

Interacting with the legal system and the government requires the assembly and analysis of various pieces of information that can be spread across d...

How to Achieve Justice through Big Data: A Study Based on Credit Card Cases in Beijing

With the development of intelligence, the combination of big data and judicial practice has become a hot research topic. There are fewer studies on ...

LLMs-in-the-Loop Part 2: Expert Small AI Models for Anonymization and De-identification of PHI Across Multiple Languages

The rise of chronic diseases and pandemics like COVID-19 has emphasized the need for effective patient data processing while ensuring privacy throug...

Deep Gaussian Process Priors for Bayesian Image Reconstruction

In image reconstruction, an accurate quantification of uncertainty is of great importance for informed decision making. Here, the Bayesian approach ...

Co-creating Humanistic AI AgeTech to Support Dynamic Care Ecosystems: A Preliminary Guiding Model.

As society rapidly digitizes, successful aging necessitates using technology for health and social care and social engagement. Technologies aimed to s...

Fairness in Computational Innovations: Identifying Bias in Substance Use Treatment Length of Stay Prediction Models with Policy Implications

Predictive machine learning (ML) models are computational innovations that can enhance medical decision-making, including aiding in determining opti...

BinSparX: Sparsified Binary Neural Networks for Reduced Hardware Non-Idealities in Xbar Arrays

Compute-in-memory (CiM)-based binary neural network (CiM-BNN) accelerators marry the benefits of CiM and ultra-low precision quantization, making th...

Data Acquisition for Improving Model Fairness using Reinforcement Learning

Machine learning systems are increasingly being used in critical decision making such as healthcare, finance, and criminal justice. Concerns around ...

Towards Privacy-Preserving Medical Imaging: Federated Learning with Differential Privacy and Secure Aggregation Using a Modified ResNet Architecture

With increasing concerns over privacy in healthcare, especially for sensitive medical data, this research introduces a federated learning framework ...

Tractography-Based Automated Identification of Retinogeniculate Visual Pathway With Novel Microstructure-Informed Supervised Contrastive Learning.

The retinogeniculate visual pathway (RGVP) is responsible for carrying visual information from the retina to the lateral geniculate nucleus. Identific...

Analyzing the AI Nudification Application Ecosystem

Given a source image of a clothed person (an image subject), AI-based nudification applications can produce nude (undressed) images of that person. ...

Evaluating the Economic Implications of Using Machine Learning in Clinical Psychiatry

With the growing interest in using AI and machine learning (ML) in medicine, there is an increasing number of literature covering the application an...

Smoke Screens and Scapegoats: The Reality of General Data Protection Regulation Compliance -- Privacy and Ethics in the Case of Replika AI

Currently artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled chatbots are capturing the hearts and imaginations of the public at large. Chatbots that users can bu...

Disability data futures: Achievable imaginaries for AI and disability data justice

Data are the medium through which individuals' identities and experiences are filtered in contemporary states and systems, and AI is increasingly th...