Exercise & Fitness

A Simple yet Effective DDG Predictor is An Unsupervised Antibody Optimizer and Explainer

The proteins that exist today have been optimized over billions of years of natural evolution, during which nature creates random mutations and selects them. The discovery of functionally promising mutations is challenged by the limited evolutionary accessible regions, i.e., only a small region on the fitness landscape is beneficial. There have been numerous priors used to constrain protein evol...

Illegal Waste Detection in Remote Sensing Images: A Case Study

Environmental crime is the third largest criminal activity worldwide, with significant revenues coming from illegal management of solid waste. Thanks to the increasing availability and the decreasing cost of Very High Resolution Remote Sensing (VHR RS) images, the fight against environmental crime can nowadays rely on modern image-analysis tools to support photo-interpretation for scanning vast ...

DE-PADA: Personalized Augmentation and Domain Adaptation for ECG Biometrics Across Physiological States

Electrocardiogram (ECG)-based biometrics offer a promising method for user identification, combining intrinsic liveness detection with morphological...

Limitations of Large Language Models in Clinical Problem-Solving Arising from Inflexible Reasoning

Large Language Models (LLMs) have attained human-level accuracy on medical question-answer (QA) benchmarks. However, their limitations in navigating...

Concept-Aware Latent and Explicit Knowledge Integration for Enhanced Cognitive Diagnosis

Cognitive diagnosis can infer the students' mastery of specific knowledge concepts based on historical response logs. However, the existing cognitiv...

Predicting Fitness-Related Traits Using Gene Expression and Machine Learning.

Evolution by natural selection occurs at its most basic through the change in frequencies of alleles; connecting those genomic targets to phenotypic s...

A machine learning approach for Premature Coronary Artery Disease Diagnosis according to Different Ethnicities in Iran

Premature coronary artery disease (PCAD) refers to the early onset of the disease, usually before the age of 55 for men and 65 for women. Coronary A...

Towards Transparent and Accurate Diabetes Prediction Using Machine Learning and Explainable Artificial Intelligence

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global health issue of significance that must be diagnosed as early as possible and managed well. This study presents a ...

Automatic Feedback Generation for Short Answer Questions using Answer Diagnostic Graphs

Short-reading comprehension questions help students understand text structure but lack effective feedback. Students struggle to identify and correct...

Leveraging Large Language Models to Enhance Machine Learning Interpretability and Predictive Performance: A Case Study on Emergency Department Returns for Mental Health Patients

Importance: Emergency department (ED) returns for mental health conditions pose a major healthcare burden, with 24-27% of patients returning within ...

Agent4Edu: Generating Learner Response Data by Generative Agents for Intelligent Education Systems

Personalized learning represents a promising educational strategy within intelligent educational systems, aiming to enhance learners' practice effic...

Adaptive Experiments Under High-Dimensional and Data Sparse Settings: Applications for Educational Platforms

In online educational platforms, adaptive experiment designs play a critical role in personalizing learning pathways, instructional sequencing, and ...

From Occasional to Steady: Habit Formation Insights From a Comprehensive Fitness Study

Exercising regularly is widely recognized as a cornerstone of health, yet the challenge of sustaining consistent exercise habits persists. Understan...

SIMPLICITY: an agent-based, multi-scale mathematical model to study SARS-CoV-2 intra- and between-host evolution

Computational tools are frequently used to describe pathogen evolutionary dynamics either within infected hosts or at the population level. However, t...

Accelerating protein engineering with fitness landscape modeling and reinforcement learning

Protein engineering holds significant promise for designing proteins with customized functions, yet the vast landscape of potential mutations versus l...

Deep Evolutionary Fitness Inference for Variant Nomination from Directed Evolution

Iterative screening techniques, such as directed evolution, enable high-throughput affinity maturation to optimize binders to molecular interfaces. Ho...

Transcriptomic profiling and machine learning uncover gene signatures of psoriasis endotypes and disease severity

Despite increased understanding of psoriasis pathogenesis, molecular classification of clinical phenotypes and disease severity is poorly defined. Kno...

Microdroplet screening rapidly profiles a biocatalyst to enable its AI-assisted engineering

Engineering enzymes for increased efficiency is key to enabling sustainable, ‘green’ biocatalytic production processes in the chemical and pharmaceuti...

Intra-DNA k-mer Conservation Patterns Encode Evolutionary Selection of Variants

Evolution shapes the structure and content of genomes, yet the contribution of local sequence composition to variant selection remains poorly understo...

Understanding Language Model Scaling on Protein Fitness Prediction

Protein language models, and models that incorporate structure or homologous sequences, estimate sequence likelihoods p(sequence) that reflect the pro...