FDA General

Screening of potential targets of (2S)-2'-methoxykurarinone against sepsis and in vivo verification in zebrafish model.

OBJECTIVE: To screen the potential core targets of (2S)-2'-Methoxykurarinone, a dimethyldihydroflavonoid derived from Sophora flavescens, against sepsis. Furthermore, we explore the in vivo pharmacological efficacy and potential mechanism of action through bioinformatics analysis, clinical sample verification, and an LPS-induced zebrafish sepsis model, aiming to provide experimental evidence for t...

Fundamentals of Foundation Models in Radiological Image Processing: Opportunities, Limitations, and Clinical Case Studies.

ABSTRACT: Artificial intelligence (AI) has become firmly established in radiology, with most current applications relying on task-specific convolutional neural networks (CNNs) such as U-Net architectures for segmentation, detection, and classification. The emergence of foundation models (FMs), however, marks a fundamental paradigm shift. These large-scale, pretrained models are designed to flexibl...

Transdermal delivery of biologics.

Biologics, including peptides, proteins, antibodies, vaccines and nucleic acid-based therapeutics, have transformed the management of chronic, metabol...

Novel indicator for colonoscopy insertion difficulty and its application in predictive modelling: a multicentre prospective study protocol in China.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is a cornerstone for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal diseases. Colonoscopy insertion difficulty is associated with e...

A practical guide to the implementation of AI in orthopaedic research-Part 4: Prerequisites for a successful orthopedics AI-driven project in terms of interdisciplinary collaboration, data management, ethical approval and technology.

UNLABELLED: Translating artificial intelligence (AI) research in orthopedics from proof-of-concept studies into production-grade clinical systems requ...

Dual-Stream deep learning for multimodal feature fusion and classification of balance control in elite freestyle aerial skiers.

Balance control is a key determinant of stable landing in elite freestyle aerial skiing. Rapid and precise identification of subtle differences in ath...

Bisphenol A exposure in myasthenia gravis: Potential targets and mechanisms revealed by network toxicology and molecular dynamics.

BACKGROUND: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a B-cell-mediated autoimmune disease characterized by impaired neuromuscular transmission. Although genetic pred...

Optimising the breast radiotherapy planning pathway: a quality improvement project at a regional cancer centre.

At the South West Wales Cancer Centre, breast radiotherapy accounts for 24% of the radiotherapy workload. In 2021, only 16% of patients started treatm...

Dynamic prediction of cardiovascular risk from linked primary care records in New South Wales, Australia: protocol for a retrospective prognostic modelling study.

INTRODUCTION: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Most existing CVD prediction tools use a ba...

Progress on Synergistic Enhancement of Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency and Stability via Defect Engineering and Carrier Dynamics Optimization.

Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) exhibit excellent optoelectronic properties, including a high light absorption coefficient and superior carrier mobility...

The High-Intensity Zone: A Dynamic Inflammatory Hub in Lumbar Disc Degeneration.

The lumbar intervertebral disc high-intensity zone (HIZ), a focal hyperintensity within the annulus fibrosus on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging...

Integrated multi-omics analysis suggests a potential mechanism of DEHP-induced monocyte infiltration in MASH via the FOS-CCL3/4 axis.

OBJECTIVE: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widespread environmental obesogen; however, its immune-proinflammatory mechanisms in the progressio...

Explainable AI in Male Infertility: A Clinical Roadmap for Shared Decision-Making.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly entering male infertility care through semen image analysis, sperm-selection support, prediction of sperm...

A Pathway from Law to Care: How the Artificial Intelligence Act, the Medical Device Regulation, and the Public Procurement Directive Can Contribute to Ensuring Quality in Healthcare.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in healthcare delivery, and when systems are scaled across clinical workflows, errors may have s...

Vegetation restoration regulates soil carbon sequestration and erosion control in the Mu Us Sandy Land: Non-linear tipping points and driving mechanism shift (2000-2020).

Clarifying the cascading responses of soil carbon sinks and surface protection functions driven by vegetation restoration during the dryland desertifi...

AI-enabled lyophilization of advanced biologics: process intelligence, quality assessment, and formulation opportunities.

Lyophilization is a key stabilization strategy for advanced biologics, including protein therapeutics, nucleic-acid-based products, extracellular vesi...

Tailoring Superwettability Through Bioinspired Reentrant Microstructures.

Superwettability describes an extreme wetting regime in which a solid surface exhibits exceptional affinity for or strong repellency against fluids, i...

A digital shoulder to cry on: Understanding why large language models can be effective in extrinsic interpersonal emotion regulation.

Do large language models (LLMs) provide emotion regulation as effectively as humans? This research investigates when and why LLMs might be preferred a...

AI-Assisted Engineering of Glycyrrhizic Acid/Simvastatin Nanocrystals for Multifunctional Treatment of Bacterial Osteomyelitis.

Bacterial osteomyelitis remains a formidable challenge in clinic because existing monotherapies fail to block inevitable infection, uncontrolled infla...

Risk-Tiered Governance for Hospital Artificial Intelligence: A Framework Synthesis and Implementation Pathway.

OBJECTIVES: Hospital artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly embedded in electronic health record workflows, cloud inference pipelines, imaging, ...