Gastroenterology

Validating knowledge-based volumetric modulated arc therapy plans with a multi-institution model (broad model) using a complete open-loop dataset for prostate cancer.

This study examined the characteristics of the broad model (KBP) through a complete open-loop evaluation of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) plans for prostate cancer in 30 patients at two institutions. KBP, trained using 561 prostate cancer VMAT plans from five institutions with different treatment protocols, was shared with two institutions. The institutions were not involved in the creat...

Textbook outcome in liver surgery for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma: defining predictors of an optimal postoperative course using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: We sought to define textbook outcome in liver surgery (TOLS) for intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) by considering the implications of perioperative outcomes on overall survival (OS).

Improving the prediction of patient survival with the aid of residual convolutional neural network (ResNet) in colorectal cancer with unresectable liver metastases treated with bevacizumab-based chemotherapy.

BACKGROUND: To verify overall survival predictions made with residual convolutional neural network-determined morphological response (ResNet-MR) in pa...

Preparation, characterization, and protective effects of carbon dots against oxidative damage induced by LPS in IPEC-J2 cells.

This study aimed to prepare carbon dots (GF-CDs) and examine their efficacy in mitigating oxidative stress and apoptosis in intestinal porcine epithe...

Comparison of Intratumoral and Peritumoral Deep Learning, Radiomics, and Fusion Models for Predicting KRAS Gene Mutations in Rectal Cancer Based on Endorectal Ultrasound Imaging.

MAIN OBJECTIVES: We aimed at comparing intratumoral and peritumoral deep learning, radiomics, and fusion models in predicting KRAS mutations in rectal...

Development of Deep Learning-Based Virtual Lugol Chromoendoscopy for Superficial Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Lugol chromoendoscopy has been shown to increase the sensitivity of detection of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). We aimed to de...

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence-Driven Responses to Acute Liver Failure Queries: A Comparative Analysis Across Accuracy, Clarity, and Relevance.

INTRODUCTION: Recent advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), particularly through the deployment of large language models (LLMs), have profoundl...

Standardized evaluation of diabetic retinopathy using artificial intelligence and its association with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in Japan: A cross-sectional study.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is common in patients with obesity and diabetes and can lead to serious complications...

Preoperative Albumin to Alkaline Phosphatase Ratio and Inflammatory Burden Index for Rectal Cancer Prognostic Nomogram-Construction: Based on Multiple Machine Learning.

PURPOSE: Preoperative albumin to alkaline phosphatase ratio (AAPR) and inflammatory burden index (IBI) are prognostic indicators for a multitude of ca...

Spontaneous Hepatic Rupture Complicating Preeclampsia and HELLP Syndrome: A Case Report.

Spontaneous hepatic rupture is a rare complication that occurs in pregnant mothers with HELLP syndrome, or preeclampsia with severe features, or ecla...

Targeting liver cancer stem cells: the prognostic significance of MRPL17 in immunotherapy response.

BACKGROUND: Liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC) ranks as the foremost cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide, and its early detection poses consid...

Utilizing machine learning approaches to investigate the relationship between cystatin C and serious complications in esophageal cancer patients after esophagectomy.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship between preoperative cystatin C levels and the risk of serious postoperative ...

Investigation of the efficiency of different reprocessing methods on disposable laryngeal masks contaminated with HBV DNA.

BACKGROUND: The use of laryngeal masks (LM) has increased widely today, both in anesthesia and in emergency cases. LM are available as reusable and di...

Machine learning and multi-omics characterization of SLC2A1 as a prognostic factor in hepatocellular carcinoma: SLC2A1 is a prognostic factor in HCC.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by high incidence, significant mortality, and marked heterogeneity, making accurate molecular subtypin...

Comparison between two artificial intelligence models to discriminate cancerous cell nuclei based on confocal fluorescence imaging in hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) exhibits an exceptional intratumoral heterogeneity that might influence diagnosis and outcome. Advances in ...

Incorporating patient-specific prior clinical knowledge to improve clinical target volume auto-segmentation generalisability for online adaptive radiotherapy of rectal cancer: A multicenter validation.

BACKGROUND & PURPOSE: Deep learning (DL) based auto-segmentation has shown to be beneficial for online adaptive radiotherapy (OART). However, auto-seg...

Exploratory study of extracellular matrix biomarkers for non-invasive liver fibrosis staging: A machine learning approach with XGBoost and explainable AI.

BACKGROUND: Novel circulating markers for the non-invasive staging of chronic liver disease (CLD) are in high demand. Although underutilized, extracel...

Deep learning for segmentation of colorectal carcinomas on endoscopic ultrasound.

BACKGROUND: Bowel-preserving local resection of early rectal cancer is less successful if the tumor infiltrates the muscularis propria as opposed to s...

Random survival forest model for early prediction of Alzheimer's disease conversion in early and late Mild cognitive impairment stages.

With a clinical trial failure rate of 99.6% for Alzheimer's Disease (AD), early diagnosis is critical. Machine learning (ML) models have shown promisi...

Effects of corn oil ingestion on the intestinal mucosa of normal dogs.

INTRODUCTION: We assessed corn oil's oral effectiveness in detecting small bowel changes in healthy dogs through ultrasonography, endoscopy, and histo...