Gastroenterology

Novel indicator for colonoscopy insertion difficulty and its application in predictive modelling: a multicentre prospective study protocol in China.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is a cornerstone for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal diseases. Colonoscopy insertion difficulty is associated with examination quality, procedural efficiency and patient comfort. Cecal intubation time (CIT) is commonly used as a surrogate measure of insertion difficulty; however, it is substantially influenced by endoscopist experience, equipment characteristics a...

Identification of Methionine Metabolism-Driven Heterogeneous Subtypes in Colorectal Cancer and Their Associated Immune Microenvironment.

AIM: Tumor heterogeneity, driven by metabolic reprogramming, challenges colorectal cancer (CRC) treatment. Methionine metabolism is crucial for tumor progression, but its role in CRC heterogeneity and the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) requires systematic investigation. METHODS: A systematic evaluation of 101 combinations of machine learning and statistical algorithms was conducted within a ...

Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic landscapes reveal PIGT as a pivotal regulator of immunometabolic remodeling in colorectal cancer liver metastasis.

Colorectal cancer liver metastasis (CRLM) represents the leading cause of mortality in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the molecular mechanisms enab...

Development and external validation of a machine learning model for predicting tigecycline-associated drug-induced liver injury.

Tigecycline (TGC) is widely used to treat severe multidrug-resistant infections but can cause drug-induced liver injury. Existing prediction studies f...

Artificial intelligence predicts recurrent autoimmune hepatitis after liver transplantation in a multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is an important indication for liver transplantation (LT), but recurrence affects over 30% of recipients, threa...

Efficient AI-supported quantification of network structures in SEM imaged human mucus: A detailed protocol.

We present a detailed protocol for the training and application of an AI-assisted workflow for automated analysis of pore and filament structures in s...

Diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT radiomics-based machine learning models for pancreatic lesion characterisation: Comparison with visual assessment and evaluation of human-radiomics synergy.

PURPOSE: We aimed to evaluate the diagnostic performance of ¹⁸F-FDG PET/CT-derived radiomics-based machine learning models for differentiating maligna...

Transfer learning prediction of 2-year native liver survival in biliary atresia following Kasai portoenterostomy using early perioperative biochemical data up to 3 months postoperatively.

BACKGROUND: Biliary atresia (BA), a rare but life-threatening neonatal cholestatic disorder, necessitates Kasai portoenterostomy (KPE) as the primary ...

Recent progress in clinical and molecular biological research in rectal serrated lesions.

Colorectal cancer ranks among the most common malignancies worldwide. Rectal serrated lesions represent a significant precancerous condition, accounti...

Automated detection of Eimeria tenella from hematoxylin and eosin-stained chicken cecal tissues using YOLOv4-based deep learning: A proof-of-concept study.

Avian coccidiosis is a disease primarily characterized by diarrhea caused by intestinal infection with protozoa of the genus Eimeria, causing signific...

Tumour cell density quantified by artificial intelligence is associated with differential benefit from irinotecan-based chemo-radiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer: a post-hoc study of the phase 3 ARISTOTLE trial.

BACKGROUND: Tumour cells and tumour-associated stroma are key components of the tumour microenvironment, and their interaction impacts disease progres...

Machine learning prediction of complications after surgery in cirrhotic patients: Integrating nutritional risk with liver function.

Liver disease is among the most common medical conditions in the world, leading to high rates of morbidity and death. Early identification of liver di...

Automation dependence in AI-assisted colonoscopy: impact of system reliability and surgeon experience on navigation performance.

BACKGROUND: As artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly introduced into endoscopic navigation, understanding how operators use and respond to AI s...

Risk Factors for Coronary Heart Disease and Stroke Among Older Adults With Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study.

BACKGROUND: Older adults with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease have elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, yet convention...

Integrated multi-omics analysis suggests a potential mechanism of DEHP-induced monocyte infiltration in MASH via the FOS-CCL3/4 axis.

OBJECTIVE: Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is a widespread environmental obesogen; however, its immune-proinflammatory mechanisms in the progressio...

Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Microglia Transplantation in Age-related Macular Degeneration.

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) remains a leading cause of irreversible blindness worldwide, characterized by the progressive breakdown of the ...

Early hemodynamic assessment and longitudinal imaging for predicting graft outcomes post-transplant.

BACKGROUND: The early identification of early allograft dysfunction (EAD) and the long-term prediction of graft-related adverse event-free survival (G...

Molecular mechanisms of phytochemicals from Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) DC. against hepatocellular carcinoma: insights from network pharmacology, molecular docking, and bioinformatics.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive malignancy with limited therapies. We explored the anti-HCC mechanisms of Zanthoxylum nitidum (Roxb.) ...

Predicting gross-total resection in skull base chondrosarcoma: a multi-institutional machine learning study.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to develop and validate an anatomy-driven model that predicts gross-total resection (GTR) of skull base chondrosa...

Fibrosis regression in chronic liver disease: the pathologist's view.

Numerous observations have indicated that significant amounts of liver fibrosis can either completely disappear or be substantially remodelled followi...