Gastroenterology

Does vesicoureteral reflux severity impact breakthrough UTI risk: a multi-institutional analysis and risk stratification.

BACKGROUND: Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a common urological disorder in children. To date, VUR severity is assessed by grading, and contemporary models have expanded on developing predictors for breakthrough UTI (bUTI) in VUR. Here, we developed models to predict the risk of bUTI in children with VUR using clinical features, combined with traditional VUR grading or novel quantitative VUR (qVUR)...

Evaluation of segmentation accuracy and the improvement of time effectiveness using deep learning-based segmentation in 177Lu-DOTATATE dosimetry : The type of article: original research article.

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of deep learning-based artificial intelligence segmentation (AI-seg) in 177Lu-DOTATATE dosimetry remains underexplored. This study evaluates AI-seg's contouring accuracy, dosimetric reliability, and time efficiency. METHODS: We analyzed 23 patients treated with 177Lu-DOTATATE. Four medical physicists (MPs) and four radiological technologists (RTs) manually delineated liver...

Healthcare Providers' Perspectives on the Role of Artificial Intelligence in the Care of Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: An International Survey.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) care, but concerns over data quality, privacy, and provider ...

KIF23 in disease pathogenesis and its therapeutic and diagnostic potential.

BACKGROUND: Kinesin family member 23 (KIF23) is a microtubule-dependent motor protein essential for cytokinesis, organelle transport, and signaling pa...

Artematrolide F suppresses communication between hepatocellular carcinoma cells and hepatic stellate cells to attenuate liver cancer progression through targeting YKT6.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a highly malignant cancer with limited treatment options. HCC cells (HCCs) activate hepatic stellate cells (HSC...

Integration of single-cell regulon atlas and bulk RNA-seq for individualized prognostic prediction in stomach adenocarcinoma.

Transcriptional regulators reflect cellular heterogeneity and are key for prognostic modeling. Given the poor prognosis of stomach adenocarcinoma (STA...

Y-Polyp: research on devices for detecting colorectal polyps with limited samples.

BACKGROUNDS: Colonoscopy plays a crucial role in preventing the malignant transformation of colorectal polyps, with early diagnosis and detection of c...

Radiological staging clinical decision support model for rectal cancer lymph node metastasis detection on MRI.

BACKGROUND: Accurate staging of lymph node metastasis (LNM) is crucial for personalising rectal cancer treatment. Lymph nodes (LNs) are the most commo...

Early detection of gastric cancer with the assistance of cell-free DNA fragmentomics.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer remains one of the most prevalent malignancies globally. As early-stage gastric cancer is typically asymptomatic or present...

Explicit modeling of beam geometry improves three-dimensional dose prediction for esophageal cancer radiotherapy under heterogeneous beam configurations.

PURPOSE: Deep learning-based 3D dose prediction boosts radiotherapy planning efficiency and consistency, yet most models rely solely on anatomical dat...

Deciphering the multi-target mechanism of Magnolia officinalis in irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea: A combined network pharmacology, machine learning, and in vivo validation study.

BACKGROUND: The bark of Magnolia officinalis Rehder & E. Wilson, used in TCM for abdominal distension, pain, and diarrhea, aligns with IBS-D symptoms....

Global incidence patterns of early-onset gastrointestinal cancers and their ecological associations with behavioural risk factors.

BACKGROUND: Early-onset gastrointestinal cancers (EOGIC) are increasingly recognised as an urgent global health concern. We aimed to describe the glob...

Automated deep learning model for predicting pathological complete response in rectal cancer: A tool to organ-preserving strategies.

BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in locally advanced rectal canc...

Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Tumors: Implications in Oncogenesis and Therapeutic Response : Microbiome in Gastrointestinal Tumors.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide an updated overview of the role of the human microbiome in the initiation, progression, and therapeutic response of gast...

A pre-trained foundation model framework for multiplanar MRI classification of extramural vascular invasion and mesorectal fascia invasion in rectal cancer.

OBJECTIVES: Accurate MRI-based identification of extramural vascular invasion (EVI) and mesorectal fascia invasion (MFI) is crucial for risk-stratifie...

Identification of replication factor C subunit 4 as a potential therapeutic target in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma based on bioinformatic analysis and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the highly lethal and aggressive malignant tumors worldwide. To effectively prevent an...

Non-invasive predictive model for incidental gallbladder carcinoma based on multimodal features: Integrating clinical data, MRI radiomics, and deep transfer learning features.

Gallbladder carcinoma, among the most prevalent malignancies of the biliary system, often presents with insidious early symptoms. Delayed diagnosis of...

Autonomous RCM-less endoscope control: integrating force-based pivoting with deep learning visual servoing.

Robotic endoscope holders improve visual stability, yet enforcing a fixed remote center of motion (RCM) often induces lateral interaction forces due t...

Machine learning outperforms serum creatinine for early risk stratification of hepatorenal syndrome: a prospective single-center validation.

BACKGROUND: The early diagnosis of hepatorenal syndrome (HRS) is constrained by the reliance on serum creatinine, a biomarker with well-documented lim...

Machine learning based hepatic safety score predicts decompensation in hepatocellular carcinoma systemic therapy.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently coexists with portal hypertension, significantly increasing the risk of hepatic decompensation (HD) and vari...