Gastroenterology

Diagnostic outcomes of esophageal cancer by artificial intelligence using convolutional neural networks.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The prognosis of esophageal cancer is relatively poor. Patients are usually diagnosed at an advanced stage when it is often too late for effective treatment. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) using deep learning has made remarkable progress in medicine. However, there are no reports on its application for diagnosing esophageal cancer. Here, we demonstrate the diagnostic a...

Remotely Controlled Mandibular Positioning During Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy Toward Mandibular Advancement Device Therapy: Feasibility and Protocol.

STUDY OBJECTIVES: The potential of a remotely controlled mandibular positioner (RCMP) during sleep studies in individual patients suffering from obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) for the determination of the effective target protrusive position (ETPP) of the mandible has been demonstrated. The research goal of this study was to assess the feasibility of the application of RCMP during drug-induced slee...

Real-Time Use of Artificial Intelligence in Identification of Diminutive Polyps During Colonoscopy: A Prospective Study.

BACKGROUND: Computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) for colonoscopy may help endoscopists distinguish neoplastic polyps (adenomas) requiring resection from non...

Chip-on-tip endoscope incorporating a soft robotic pneumatic bending microactuator.

In the ever advancing field of minimally invasive surgery, flexible instruments with local degrees of freedom are needed to navigate through the intri...

Boosting support vector machines for cancer discrimination tasks.

Cancer is a complex disease that is caused by rapid alteration of genes. Prediction of the state of cancer in advance contributes to a better understa...

Clinical prediction of HBV and HCV related hepatic fibrosis using machine learning.

Clinical prediction of advanced hepatic fibrosis (HF) and cirrhosis has long been challenging due to the gold standard, liver biopsy, being an invasiv...

Computer-aided detection of small intestinal ulcer and erosion in wireless capsule endoscopy images.

A novel computer-aided detection method based on deep learning framework was proposed to detect small intestinal ulcer and erosion in wireless capsule...

Transfer learning with deep convolutional neural network for liver steatosis assessment in ultrasound images.

PURPOSE: The nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is the most common liver abnormality. Up to date, liver biopsy is the reference standard for direct live...

Modular force approximating soft robotic pneumatic actuator.

PURPOSE: Soft robots are highly flexible and adaptable instruments that have proven extremely useful, especially in the surgical environment where com...

Neural network-based model predictive control for type 1 diabetic rats on artificial pancreas system.

Artificial pancreas system (APS) is a viable option to treat diabetic patients. Researchers, however, have not conclusively determined the best contro...

Immunomarker Support Vector Machine Classifier for Prediction of Gastric Cancer Survival and Adjuvant Chemotherapeutic Benefit.

Current tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system cannot provide adequate information for prediction of prognosis and chemotherapeutic benefits. We ...

Hepatoid Variant of Yolk Sac Tumor of Both Ovaries with Widespread Intraabdominal and Lung Metastasis: A Case Report.

Hepatoid variant of yolk sac tumor of ovary is an unusual tumor with an aggressive behavior. It is usually observed in young females, presents with ab...

A neural network algorithm for detection of GI angiectasia during small-bowel capsule endoscopy.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: GI angiectasia (GIA) is the most common small-bowel (SB) vascular lesion, with an inherent risk of bleeding. SB capsule endoscopy...

Effect of Hepatitis C Treatment on Renal Function in Liver Transplant Patients.

Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) is uniformly recurrent after liver transplant (LT) and recurrence is associated with an increased risk of mortality. Immunosu...

Deep Endoscopic Visual Measurements.

Robotic endoscopic systems offer a minimally invasive approach to the examination of internal body structures, and their application is rapidly extend...

Minimally Invasive Surgical Approach for Posterior Tracheopexy to Treat Severe Tracheomalacia: Lessons Learned from Initial Case Series.

Posterior tracheopexy directly addresses membranous tracheal intrusion in severe tracheomalacia (TM). We have previously reported our experience of p...

Weakly Supervised Biomedical Image Segmentation by Reiterative Learning.

Recent advances in deep learning have produced encouraging results for biomedical image segmentation; however, outcomes rely heavily on comprehensive ...

Combined Transarterial Embolization/Chemoembolization-Based Locoregional Treatment with Sorafenib Prolongs the Survival in Patients with Advanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Preserved Liver Function: A Propensity Score Matching Study.

BACKGROUND: Sorafenib is the standard treatment for patients with Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) stage C hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However...

Gastric Pathology Image Classification Using Stepwise Fine-Tuning for Deep Neural Networks.

Deep learning using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) is a distinguished tool for many image classification tasks. Due to its outstanding robustnes...

Deep Learning Localizes and Identifies Polyps in Real Time With 96% Accuracy in Screening Colonoscopy.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The benefit of colonoscopy for colorectal cancer prevention depends on the adenoma detection rate (ADR). The ADR should reflect the...