Gastroenterology

A novel deep learning network for small bowel ulcerative lesion detection and differential diagnosis on double-balloon endoscopy images.

Differentiating small bowel ulcerative diseases (SBUDs) on double-balloon endoscopy (DBE) is challenging. We aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) model using DBE images for accurate SBUD identification and classification. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1791 double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) images from 283 patients diagnosed with five types of small bowel ulcerative diseases (...

Computational exploration of quercetin derivatives from Azadirachta indica leaf as threonine tyrosine kinase inhibitors for potential lung and pancreatic cancer treatment.

Lung and pancreatic adenocarcinomas account for substantial cancer-related mortality worldwide, with current therapeutic efficacy severely limited by the development of high drug resistance. Threonine tyrosine kinase (TTK) has emerged as both a therapeutic target and a critical prognostic marker in these malignancies, with elevated expression correlating strongly with poor clinical outcomes. There...

Dual-stream token fusion with Swin Transformer and lesion-aware tokens for gastric metaplasia classification in IoMT-assisted deployment.

BACKGROUND: Gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) is often visually inconspicuous on routine endoscopy, while many artificial intelligence systems rely ...

The survival double descent: generalization dynamics of deep neural networks in time-to-event analysis.

Recent work on double descent has challenged classical bias-variance tradeoffs, showing that test error can decrease, increase sharply near the interp...

Predicting Treatment Response After Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a predictive model for pathological complete response (pCR) after total neoadjuvant therapy (TNT) to inform selection for watch-...

Differentiating advanced from non-advanced hepatic fibrosis: a hybrid deep learning-radiomics model leveraging synthetic contrast-enhanced CT from CycleGAN.

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate a hybrid deep learning-radiomics model that leveraged Cycle-consistent generative adversarial net...

Longitudinal serum uric acid transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants: prospective prediction of incident hyperuricemia and gout in a Korean population-based cohort.

BACKGROUND: Longitudinal serum uric acid (SUA) transition patterns and their clinical, genetic, and dietary determinants remain poorly characterized. ...

Advancing Gastrointestinal Cancer Risk Prediction With Patient-Centered Machine Learning: Machine Learning Modeling Study.

BACKGROUND: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are a significant health concern in South Korea. Recently, machine learning (ML) models have emerged as powe...

Image-based consensus molecular subtypes and colon cancer recurrence: Understanding the impact of lifestyle factors across subtypes of colon cancer.

AIM: We investigated associations between consensus molecular subtype (CMS) and colon cancer recurrence, and explored how the inflammatory potential o...

Novel technologies for gastrointestinal cancer detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic accuracy.

INTRODUCTION: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers account for a quarter of all cancers and one-third of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Novel diagnostic ap...

Intracellular acidification by microbiota-derived valeric acid facilitates trans-kingdom ecology limiting Candida parapsilosis colonization.

In hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) patients, intestinal Candida parapsilosis expansion and translocation can cause life-threatening candidemia, ye...

Atopic dermatitis.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease and carries the highest disability-adjusted life-years burden, ranking 15th among ...

Multi-scale computational analysis of monoacylglycerol lipase inhibition as a new therapeutic strategy for hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most critical global health challenges, particularly in connection to metabolically linked diseases ...

Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identifies cancer subtypes and prognostic signatures of hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.

Hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HBV-HCC) is a heterogeneous malignancy with poor prognosis, necessitating refined classificatio...

Patient-specific modeling identifies metabolic interventions for reversing glucose use reprogramming in alcohol-associated hepatitis.

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) is an acute form of alcohol-associated liver disease with very few treatment options. Recent studies highlighted liver metabo...

A comparative analysis of deep learning models for disease classification in multi-organ histopathological images.

Histopathological whole slide images (WSIs) provide critical information for disease diagnosis, yet their interpretation remains a time-consuming and ...

Multi-omic biomarkers of neoadjuvant treatment response in rectal cancer: A narrative review.

BACKGROUND: Neoadjuvant treatment response in rectal cancer is highly heterogeneous, complicating patient selection for organ-preservation strategies....

Gsformer: a dual-architecture deep learning framework with CNN-self-attention and sparse-attention for genomic selection.

BACKGROUND: Genomic selection (GS) has revolutionized modern breeding by utilizing genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs). While tradition...

Epigenetic reprogramming of tissue-resident memory T cells in chronic inflammatory disorders and implications for targeted therapies.

BACKGROUND: Tissue-resident memory T (TRM) cells play a role in causing long-term tissue injury in chronic inflammatory diseases via pathological epig...

Toward a Synthetic Data Revolution: Diffusion Model-Enhanced Hepatocellular Carcinoma Prediction in Steatotic Liver Disease.

AIM: Steatotic liver disease (SLD) encompasses a heterogeneous spectrum with varying risks of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Limited sample sizes lim...