Gastroenterology

[Dynamic assessment of upper airway in obstructive sleep apnea patients with a focus on drug-induced sleep endoscopy].

The key pathophysiological feature of obstructive sleep apnea（OSA） is dynamic collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Polysomnography（PSG） and awake imaging can assess disease severity and anatomical structure, but they are unable to characterize the dynamic process of airway collapse during sleep. Drug-induced sleep endoscopy（DISE） enables direct visualization of the sites and patterns of obst...

Integration Analysis of Bayesian and Machine Learning for Heterogeneity, Biomarkers, and Optimal Combination Regimens of Pucotenlimab in Solid Tumors.

The efficacy of PD-1 inhibitor pucotenlimab (HX008) in solid tumors exhibits heterogeneity. This study integrated data from 6 clinical trials (covering gastric/gastroesophageal junction cancer, triple-negative breast cancer, melanoma, and dMMR/MSI-H solid tumors) using Bayesian meta-analysis, machine learning (optimal XGBoost AUC = 0.86), and network meta-analysis to construct an integrated "effic...

Deep Learning-Based Prediction System for Surgical Difficulty in Rectal Cancer Patients Using MRI Pelvimetry.

PURPOSE: This study presents a system that automatically predicts the difficulty of laparoscopic total mesorectal excision (TME) using magnetic resona...

Advancing IBD Management: A Literature Review on the Role of Non-Invasive Blood-Based Biomarkers in Predicting and Assessing Pharmacodynamic Response to Treatment.

Reliable biomarkers that enable noninvasive, longitudinal assessment of disease activity and therapeutic response remain a major unmet need in inflamm...

Predictability of Same-Day Discharge Candidacy After Bariatric Surgery with Machine Learning.

INTRODUCTION: Despite growing interest, same-day discharge (SDD) after bariatric surgery remains uncommon due to challenges with patient selection. In...

Astragalin alleviates ulcerative colitis via FPR1 inhibition and restores Microbiota-Metabolite Homeostasis: A mechanism revealed by deep learning.

The pursuit of multi-targeted therapies that simultaneously address mucosal immune dysregulation, barrier dysfunction and gut microbiota imbalance in ...

Machine learning-enhanced plasma proteomics discriminates pancreatic cancer-associated diabetes from type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is frequently preceded by new-onset diabetes mellitus (NODM), yet differentiating PDAC-associated DM from type...

The role of autophagy in ocular health: mechanisms, pathologies, and therapeutic strategies.

Autophagy is a self-digestive process in which cellular components are degraded and recycled to maintain homeostasis and cope with stress. When cells ...

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase and gut health: insights into homeostasis, barrier protection, and immune signaling.

Intestinal alkaline phosphatase (IAP) is a brush border enzyme critical for maintaining gut homeostasis by detoxifying bacterial endotoxins, regulatin...

Development of an Algorithm to Estimate Fat-Free Mass to Optimize Contrast Injection for Computed Tomography Imaging of the Liver.

OBJECTIVES: Contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) is central to liver imaging. Inadequate enhancement can compromise diagnostic accuracy and impa...

Machine learning outperforms large language models for survival prediction in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma: a multicenter study.

Accurate prognostic prediction remains a critical unmet need in advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). While machine learning (ML) models have demon...

A quantitative analysis of global AI medical studies: gaps in randomized controlled trials.

Medical artificial intelligence (AI) has advanced rapidly, yet a comprehensive quantitative overview of its clinical evaluation landscape remains lack...

[Current applications and prospects of artificial intelligence in perioperative comprehensive management for gastrointestinal surgery].

The shift from the traditional empirical approach to a more data-driven method in the diagnosis and treatment of GI cancers is significant due to adva...

[Machine learning models to predict intestinal necrosis in acute mesenteric venous thrombosis].

Objective: To develop and validate machine learning-based models for predicting the risk of transmural irreversible intestinal necrosis (ITIN) in pati...

Multi omics and mechanistic investigation reveals CBFB as a prognostic biomarker in gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gastric cancer is an aggressive malignancy with poor prognosis due to complex pathogenesis, underscoring the need for biomarkers and targe...

Self-supervised Deep Learning for Denoising in Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging.

Ultrasound microvascular imaging (UMI) has emerged as a powerful, noninvasive modality for visualizing the microvasculature, offering valuable insight...

A novel serum metabolite classifier for identifying Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) integrating metabolomics and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) presents a growing global health burden, while reliable non-invasive biom...

Radiomics-based outcome prediction for irinotecan-TACE in colorectal liver metastases: advanced analysis from the prospective CIREL trial.

OBJECTIVES: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is a promising locoregional therapy for unresectable colorectal liver metastases, but patient selec...

[Artificial intelligence-assisted diagnostics in the pathology of internal and oncological diseases].

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly being implemented in digital pathology to support the tissue classification, cell detection, ...

Multimodal AI approach combining deep learning imaging and clinical machine learning for pancreatic cancer detection.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) has poor prognosis due to late diagnosis, limitations of computed tomography (CT) imaging, and low accuracy of...