Gastroenterology

Online adaptive radiotherapy: Clinical utility, challenges and perspectives.

Online adaptive radiotherapy (oART) represents a major evolution in radiation oncology, enabling daily plan adaptation to account for anatomical variations during treatment. This review synthesizes current evidence on its clinical utility, implementation challenges, and future directions. A comprehensive PubMed search (2014-June 2025) identified studies reporting dosimetric and clinical outcomes f...

Development and validation of an ensemble machine learning model to predict survival in locally advanced rectal cancer: A multicenter, retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Patients identified with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) demonstrate a varied prognosis after undergoing neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT), highlighting the essential need for precise predictions of outcomes. PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to create and assess a machine learning model that is interpretable and tailored to forecasting results in individuals diagnosed with LA...

Design of a soft robotic endoscope with enhanced bending and AI-based prediction.

Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) increasingly benefits from soft robotic platforms that offer enhanced compliance and safer human-robot interaction. H...

High-precision classification of WCE-based gastrointestinal abnormality using a fusion deep learning approach.

Gastrointestinal abnormalities are widespread worldwide and pose a significant health challenge. However, their mortality rate can be significantly re...

Distinct signatures in the human gut and oral microbiomes of gastric cancer.

Microbiome dysbiosis is increasingly recognized as a hallmark of gastric cancer (GC). Here, we analyzed gut and oral shotgun metagenomic data from 317...

Machine learning models for predicting microvascular invasion in hepatocellular carcinoma with three-dimensional whole-lesion 18F-FDG PET radiomics.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the performance of machine learning models based on preoperative three-dimensional whole-lesion radiomics features for predicti...

A Transformer-ResNet-Integrated Deep Learning Model for Digital Pathology-Based Grading and Risk Stratification of MASLD-Related Liver Fibrosis.

INTRODUCTION: Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) affects up to 30% of the global population and drives progression to fi...

Optimal treatment selection for hepatocellular carcinoma in the era of immunotherapy.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) management, necessitating personalized strategies in current guidelines. Despite curat...

Artificial intelligence for surgical management of benign esophageal disease: scoping review and evidence mapping.

Advancing precision medicine in pancreatic cancer using novel biomarkers and clinical targets.

Precision-guided therapy is imperative in the battle against pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), one of the most lethal solid malignancies with l...

Clinical Machine Learning Model for Predicting Pathological Complete Response in Patients with Esophageal and Gastroesophageal Junction Adenocarcinoma After Trimodality Therapy.

BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of pathological complete response (pCR) after preoperative chemoradiation therapy, followed by surgery (trimodality th...

Artificial Intelligence in Surgical Education: A Pilot Study Using ASCRS Guideline-Derived Questions.

BackgroundLarge language models (LLMs) have demonstrated strong performance on general medical and surgical examinations; however, their capacity to a...

Assessing the impact of data harmonization on human liver microsomal stability prediction model performance.

Metabolic stability, often assessed using human liver microsomes (HLM), is a key determinant of drug clearance and pharmacokinetics (PK), yet experime...

A review of clinical trial radiotherapy quality assurance: value, evolution and lessons.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Deviations in radiotherapy quality can significantly affect clinical trial outcomes, including overall survival. Radiotherapy ...

[Bottlenecks and breakthroughs in gastric cancer diagnosis and treatment: Towards a new era of precision and intelligent integration].

Gastric cancer constitutes a significant global health burden, and its clinical management is undergoing a critical transition from a traditional expe...

[Practice and reflection on sentinel lymph node navigation surgery for early gastric cancer].

With the continuous update and iteration of minimally invasive techniques, artificial intelligence and big data, the surgical treatment of early gastr...

[Current status and future perspectives of precision treatment for locally advanced rectal cancer].

The treatment paradigm for locally advanced rectal cancer is undergoing a fundamental transformation from the traditional fixed triad of "radiotherapy...

[Robotic gastrectomy: Research progress and practical challenges].

Gastric cancer is one of the malignant tumors with high incidence and mortality rates globally, with China ranking among the top 5 in both case number...

Development and validation of a fully automated transformer-based 3D framework for pancreatic fat quantification in pancreatic steatosis.

PURPOSE: To develop and validate a fully automated TransUNet-based framework for 3D pancreatic segmentation and volumetric fat quantification on PDFF ...

Training in diagnostic and interventional endoscopic ultrasound: a state-of-the-art review.

INTRODUCTION: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has progressed from a primarily diagnostic modality to an essential diagnostic and therapeutic platform. The...