Geriatrics

Label-free Concept Based Multiple Instance Learning for Gigapixel Histopathology

Multiple Instance Learning (MIL) methods allow for gigapixel Whole-Slide Image (WSI) analysis with only slide-level annotations. Interpretability is crucial for safely deploying such algorithms in high-stakes medical domains. Traditional MIL methods offer explanations by highlighting salient regions. However, such spatial heatmaps provide limited insights for end users. To address this, we propo...

PARF-Net: integrating pixel-wise adaptive receptive fields into hybrid Transformer-CNN network for medical image segmentation

Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) excel in local feature extraction while Transformers are superior in processing global semantic information. By leveraging the strengths of both, hybrid Transformer-CNN networks have become the major architectures in medical image segmentation tasks. However, existing hybrid methods still suffer deficient learning of local semantic features due to the fixed r...

LDMapNet-U: An End-to-End System for City-Scale Lane-Level Map Updating

An up-to-date city-scale lane-level map is an indispensable infrastructure and a key enabling technology for ensuring the safety and user experience...

GIT-CXR: End-to-End Transformer for Chest X-Ray Report Generation

Medical imaging is crucial for diagnosing, monitoring, and treating medical conditions. The medical reports of radiology images are the primary medi...

Attribute-Based Robotic Grasping with Data-Efficient Adaptation

Robotic grasping is one of the most fundamental robotic manipulation tasks and has been the subject of extensive research. However, swiftly teaching...

Predicting dry matter intake in cattle at scale using gradient boosting regression techniques and Gaussian process boosting regression with Shapley additive explanation explainable artificial intelligence, MLflow, and its containerization.

Dry matter intake (DMI) is a measure critical to managing and evaluating livestock. Methods exist for quantifying individual DMI in dry lot settings t...

UAV-DETR: Efficient End-to-End Object Detection for Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery

Unmanned aerial vehicle object detection (UAV-OD) has been widely used in various scenarios. However, most existing UAV-OD algorithms rely on manual...

Long-range Brain Graph Transformer

Understanding communication and information processing among brain regions of interest (ROIs) is highly dependent on long-range connectivity, which ...

Comprehensive Multi-omics Mapping of Vesicle Cargo from Plasma or Novel Tissue Vesicles Reveals Pathological Changes in Cargo with Patient Age

Aging is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of death worldwide, and numerous other diseases, but the mechanisms of thes...

Linking age changes in human cortical microcircuits to impaired brain function and EEG biomarkers

Human brain aging involves a variety of cellular and synaptic changes, but how these changes affect brain function and signals remains poorly understo...

Denoising 7T Structural MRI with Conditional Generative Diffusion Models

7T MRI offers ultra-high resolution and improved sensitivity for iron deposition in neurodegenerative disorders, but commonly used acquisitions are lo...

ConvNeXt-Driven Detection of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Benchmark Study on Expert-Annotated AlzaSet MRI Dataset Across Anatomical Planes

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a leading worldwide cause of cognitive impairment, necessitating accurate, inexpensive diagnostic tools to enable early re...

Biological Database Mining for LLM-Driven Alzheimer’s Disease Drug Repurposing

This study presents a software pipeline that leverages LLMs to apply knowledge stored in natural language (such as in pharmacological texts) and ontol...

Pixel-Precise Lesion Localization in WSIs via Weakly Supervised Streaming Convolution with ReLSE and Adaptive Self-Training

A robust artificial intelligence-assisted workflow for tumor assessment in pathology requires not only accurate classification but also precise lesion...

Listening Beyond The Labels

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD), a progressive neurodegenerative condition of cognitive decline, presents formidable challenges to patients, caregivers, and ...

Integrating explainable AI with multiomics systems biology and EHR data mining for personalized drug repurposing in Alzheimer’s disease

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by region- and patient-specific molecular heterogeneity, which hinders therapeutic design. In this study, we...

A sublethal drought and rewatering time course reveals intricate patterning of responses in the annual Arabidopsis thaliana

Drought is a major factor of yield loss in annual crops. It triggers a wide range of physiological and molecular changes which are mediated by a suite...

CpGeneAge: multi-omics aging clocks associated with Nf-κB signaling pathway in aging

Aging clocks have emerged as the primary tools for measuring biological aging and have been developed for a wide range of single-omic measurements. Ep...

Cognitive training effects are shaped more by individual brain dynamics than age – Evidence from younger and older women

Given the well-established structural and functional changes in the aging brain, it is widely assumed that cognitive aging is primarily driven by robu...

Replacement of a single residue in an antibody completely abolishes cognate antigen binding, as predicted by theoretical methods

Structural insights into the interaction between antibodies and antigens at the atomic level are pivotal for understanding the molecular mechanisms of...