Geriatrics

Biases in an artificial intelligence image-generator's depictions of healthy aging and Alzheimer's.

OBJECTIVE: This content analysis study investigates potential biases in image generation by 2 artificial intelligence (AI) tools, DALL-E 3 and Midjourney, in portraying older adults and individuals living with dementia. Despite widespread use of generative AI in various sectors, there is limited research on how these models might perpetuate stereotypes and stigmatization through their images. MATE...

A Deep Learning-Based Human-Robot Collaborative Navigation Framework for Vascular Interventional Surgery.

BACKGROUND: Autonomous robotic surgery has demonstrated its potential for the optimal outcomes. However, vascular interventional surgery (VIS) with flexible catheters and soft tissue raises challenges to autonomous execution of preplanned tasks due to indeterminately changed surgical state. METHODS: We present a novel end-to-end deep learning-based framework of human-robot collaborative navigation...

Functional and Clinical: An Explainable Deep Learning Model for Multimodal Alzheimer's Disease Classification.

PURPOSE: Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and deep learning models can classify Alzheimer's disease (AD) with high accuracy. These models ...

Interpretable model-driven end-to-end deep learning of geometric shaping for DML-based IM/DD systems.

Direct modulation lasers (DMLs) are a low-cost technology for short-reach intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) systems due to their small...

Development of an interpretable machine learning model for predicting 4-year chronic kidney disease risk in elderly hypertensive patients.

INTRODUCTION: Age and hypertension are key drivers of renal impairment, predisposing older hypertensive adults to faster kidney function decline and h...

Explainable machine learning model for predicting traumatic brain injury-induced coagulopathy in elderly patients: A multicenter cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Traumatic brain injury-induced coagulopathy (TBI-IC) in the elderly is a severe complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI) that leads to...

Prediction of mortality, bleeding, and ischaemic events in patients with cancer and acute coronary syndrome: a model development and validation study.

BACKGROUND: Accurate assessment of mortality, bleeding, and atherothrombotic risk in patients with cancer and acute coronary syndrome could inform nov...

Towards a speech-based digital biomarker for cognitive impairment: speech as a proxy for cognitive assessment.

With the growing prevalence of cognitive decline in ageing populations, accessible and scalable screening tools are essential for early intervention. ...

"I had eyes on me to help me": a qualitative descriptive study on trust in passive monitoring systems among older adults with mild cognitive impairment.

BACKGROUND: Passive monitoring can support aging in place for older adults with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Yet, their trust in the technology is...

TEERAI-Pre: A Multiview Artificial Intelligence Model for Preoperative Assessment of Transcatheter Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair Using Multiview, Multimodal Echocardiography.

BACKGROUND: Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair is a key therapeutic option for patients with severe symptomatic mitral regurgitation at hi...

Osteoporosis prediction using lumbar CT Hounsfield units: comparative performance and clinical implications of seven machine learning models.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the utility of L1-L4 average Hounsfield Unit (HU) values from lumbar spine computed tomography (CT) in predictin...

Health trajectories of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis before and after initiation of non-invasive ventilation: a French nationwide database analysis.

BACKGROUND: Management of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is complicated by heterogeneous presentation and unpredictable disease course. This stud...

Alzheimer's disease diagnosis support for brain perfusion SPECT scans in a real-world clinical cohort.

BackgroundDementia diagnosis is challenging and often delayed. Brain imaging techniques such as single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) ima...

Machine learning-based screening of sarcopenia in elderly women using non-invasive physiological signals.

Constructing a comprehensive nursing risk assessment model for older adults inpatients with multiple chronic conditions: A multicenter cross-sectional study.

AIM: To build a comprehensive nursing risk model for older adults inpatients with multiple chronic conditions to identify nursing risks. METHOD: This ...

The role of dentists in the recognition of neurodegenerative and systemic conditions with neurological involvement.

Dentists are often the first healthcare providers to observe subtle orofacial and behavioral changes that may reflect underlying neurological diseases...

Agri-vision Bangladesh: A multi-crop augmented image dataset for automated disease diagnosis in Bottle Gourd, Zucchini, Papaya, and Tomato.

This article introduces Agri-Vision Bangladesh, a comprehensive, augmented image dataset designed to advance automated disease diagnosis in four econo...

Multi-cohort and single-cell profiling of aging genes reveals prognostic and therapeutic targets in breast cancer.

Aging-related transcriptional programs shape breast cancer progression, immune regulation, and therapeutic response. We integrated curated aging-assoc...

Automated Abdominal Aortic Calcification Scores and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in the UK Biobank Imaging Study.

BACKGROUND: Abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is a subclinical measure of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). AAC can be captured on la...

Molecular features of human pathological tau distinguish tauopathy-associated dementias.

In Alzheimer's disease (AD), pathological tau protein shows a progressive accumulation of post-translational modifications (PTMs), reflecting disease ...