Head Trauma

Pre and post-hoc diagnosis and interpretation of malignancy from breast DCE-MRI.

We propose a new method for breast cancer screening from DCE-MRI based on a post-hoc approach that is trained using weakly annotated data (i.e., labels are available only at the image level without any lesion delineation). Our proposed post-hoc method automatically diagnosis the whole volume and, for positive cases, it localizes the malignant lesions that led to such diagnosis. Conversely, traditi...

PTSD and its dissociative subtype through the lens of the insula: Anterior and posterior insula resting-state functional connectivity and its predictive validity using machine learning.

Individuals with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) typically experience states of reliving and hypervigilance; however, the dissociative subtype of PTSD (PTSD+DS) presents with additional symptoms of depersonalization and derealization. Although the insula is critical to emotion processing, its association with these contrasting symptom profiles is yet to be fully delineated. Accordingly, we i...

Machine-learning-based classification between post-traumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder using P300 features.

BACKGROUND: The development of optimal classification criteria for specific mental disorders which share similar symptoms is an important issue for pr...

Metal artifact reduction for the segmentation of the intra cochlear anatomy in CT images of the ear with 3D-conditional GANs.

Cochlear implants (CIs) are surgically implanted neural prosthetic devices that are used to treat severe-to-profound hearing loss. These devices are p...

Novel small molecule retrograde transport blocker confers post-exposure protection against ricin intoxication.

Ricin is a highly toxic type 2 ribosome-inactivating protein (RIP) which is extracted from the seeds of castor beans. Ricin is considered a potential ...

Localizing B-Lines in Lung Ultrasonography by Weakly Supervised Deep Learning, In-Vivo Results.

Lung ultrasound (LUS) is nowadays gaining growing attention from both the clinical and technical world. Of particular interest are several imaging-art...

Supplementation of OmniGen-AF improves the metabolic response to a glucose tolerance test in beef heifers.

This study determined whether feeding the immunomodulating supplement, OmniGen-AF, to feedlot heifers would alter metabolic profiles to a glucose tole...

Modelling outcomes after paediatric brain injury with admission laboratory values: a machine-learning approach.

BACKGROUND: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of mortality in children, but the accurate prediction of outcomes at the point of a...

A Concentric Tube Robot System for Rigid Bronchoscopy: A Feasibility Study on Central Airway Obstruction Removal.

New robotic systems have recently emerged to assist with peripheral lung access, but a robotic system for rigid bronchoscopy has yet to be developed. ...

A New Nonlinear Sparse Component Analysis for a Biologically Plausible Model of Neurons.

It is known that brain can create a sparse representation of the environment in both sensory and mnemonic forms (Olshausen & Field, 2004). Such sparse...

Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Networks for the Automatic Quantification of Muscle Fat Infiltration Following Whiplash Injury.

Muscle fat infiltration (MFI) of the deep cervical spine extensors has been observed in cervical spine conditions using time-consuming and rater-depen...

A distant supervision based approach to medical persona classification.

Identifying medical persona from a social media post is critical for drug marketing, pharmacovigilance and patient recruitment. Medical persona classi...

Multi-Dimensional Mapping of Brain-Derived Extracellular Vesicle MicroRNA Biomarker for Traumatic Brain Injury Diagnostics.

The diagnosis and prognosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is complicated by variability in the type and severity of injuries and the multiple endoph...

Refining humane endpoints in mouse models of disease by systematic review and machine learning-based endpoint definition.

Ideally, humane endpoints allow for early termination of experiments by minimizing an animal's discomfort, distress and pain, while ensuring that scie...

Convolutional Neural Network-Based Automated Segmentation of the Spinal Cord and Contusion Injury: Deep Learning Biomarker Correlates of Motor Impairment in Acute Spinal Cord Injury.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Our aim was to use 2D convolutional neural networks for automatic segmentation of the spinal cord and traumatic contusion inju...

Latent Phase Detection of Hypoxic-Ischemic Spike Transients in the EEG of Preterm Fetal Sheep Using Reverse Biorthogonal Wavelets & Fuzzy Classifier.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) studies in preterms lack reliable prognostic biomarkers for diagnostic tests of HI encephalopathy (HIE). Our group's observation...

Sex Differences in Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ Peptide Receptor-Mediated Pain and Anxiety Symptoms in a Preclinical Model of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder.

Nociceptin/Orphanin FQ (N/OFQ) is a neuropeptide that modulates pain transmission, learning/memory, stress, anxiety, and fear responses via activation...

Effect of dietary n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation and post-insemination plane of nutrition on systemic concentrations of metabolic analytes, progesterone, hepatic gene expression and embryo development and survival in beef heifers.

Nutrition, and particularly dietary energy intake, plays a fundamental role in reproductive function in cattle. There is some evidence that supplement...

Defining Massive Transfusion in Civilian Pediatric Trauma With Traumatic Brain Injury.

The purpose of this study was to identify an optimal definition of massive transfusion in civilian pediatric trauma with severe traumatic brain injury...

Perceptual Decision-Making: Biases in Post-Error Reaction Times Explained by Attractor Network Dynamics.

Perceptual decision-making is the subject of many experimental and theoretical studies. Most modeling analyses are based on statistical processes of a...