HIV/AIDS

Deep Learning Algorithms Versus Radiologists in Digital Breast Tomosynthesis for Breast Cancer Detection: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Deep learning (DL) algorithms for digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT) have proliferated, demonstrating emerging potential in enhancing lesion detection and classification. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare the diagnostic performance of DL algorithms for DBT with that of radiologists of varying experience and assess the clinical impact of DL assistance. METHODS: A systematic search ...

Diagnostic Proficiency of Large Language Models in the Interpretation of Cervical Cytopathology.

To evaluate the diagnostic proficiency of well-established multimodal Large Language Models (LLMs)-specifically Gemini, Claude, and Copilot-in interpreting cervical cytopathology (PAP smears). This diagnostic accuracy study used 30 representative cases from the "Cytopathology of the Uterine Cervix-Digital Atlas," which represented the gold standard. The models were tested using a standardized, zer...

Adaptive multimodal learning for driver cognitive state monitoring using transformer-based fusion with personalized meta-learning and federated optimization.

Road accidents caused by driver fatigue and cognitive overload remain a significant public safety concern. According to recent traffic safety data, dr...

Hierarchical knowledge distillation framework for efficient node influence prediction in large-scale complex networks.

Node influence prediction is fundamental to epidemic control, viral marketing, and infrastructure resilience, yet traditional susceptible-infected-rec...

The Effectiveness of Artificial Intelligence in Undergraduate Health Professions Education: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

BACKGROUND: Health professions education faces increasing challenges from rising health care complexity, pedagogical shifts, and constrained curricula...

Ultrasound Microvascular Imaging Using Deep Knowledge Distillation.

Ultrafast Doppler imaging provides critical insights into tissue perfusion but traditionally requires long acquisitions and computationally expensive ...

Risk and Protective Factors Associated With HIV-Related Mortality in Children Receiving Antiretroviral Therapy: A Model-Based Meta-Regression.

IMPORTANCE: Mortality among children and young adolescents receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) remains substantially higher in resource-limited set...

Geometric deep learning enables high-fidelity network imputation for HIV transmission modeling.

BACKGROUND: Accurately mapping social and risk networks is critical for understanding and controlling infectious disease transmission, especially amon...

Artificial Intelligence in Urologic Documentation: A Review of Emerging Capabilities and the Ongoing Need for Human Oversight.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Clinical documentation continues to expand in volume and complexity, spanning outpatient encounters, inpatient summaries, patient-p...

Synthetic inducible bacteria normalize the microenvironment of refractory tumors, potentiating checkpoint inhibitor responses.

Immunotherapy has transformed cancer treatment but remains ineffective in many solid tumors, largely due to the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironme...

Identification of COL5A1 and TGFBI as key basement membrane genes and their molecular mechanisms in gestational diabetes mellitus.

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a common complication during pregnancy, but the role of the basement membrane (BM) in GDM is not well understoo...

Analysis of AI-Generated Radiography Responses Using a Closed-System LLM.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy and educational utility of Microsoft Copilot's (GPT-4, July 2025, closed-system version) responses to radiography qu...

An integrated machine learning and computational framework with experimental validation for the identification of novel CXCR4 inhibitors.

Chemokine receptor 4 (CXCR4) is a clinically significant G protein-coupled receptor implicated in HIV-1 entry, cancer progression, immune regulation, ...

Is the molecular microenvironment of the latent HIV reservoir predictable using deep learning approaches?

Although current antiretroviral therapy effectively suppresses viral replication in infected individuals, infections remain incurable. One of the main...

Teachers' Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors Regarding Hearing Loss and Inclusive Education.

OBJECTIVE: This study assessed the knowledge levels of classroom teachers concerning students with hearing loss (HL) and hearing aids (HAs) and examin...

Thermal analysis of bioconvection flow of CNTs/water based hybrid nanofluid with gyrotactic microbes using artificial neural network.

This study uses the Levenberg-Marquardt strategy with feed forward neural networks (LMS-FNN) to inspect the Soret-Dufour effect on radiative hybrid na...

Evolution and forecasting of antiretroviral therapy utilisation in British Columbia: a population-level analysis of provincial drug treatment programme data, 2014-2024.

OBJECTIVE: To characterise temporal trends in antiretroviral therapy (ART) utilisation and forecast short-term changes in regimen distribution within ...

Machine Learning in HIV Care and Antiretroviral Therapy: Systematic Review.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is expanding across various medical fields, with machine learning (ML) being increasingly used to enhance pat...

Accurate profiling of single-cell alternative transcript start sites by correcting RNA degradation.

The generation of transcript variants via alternative utilisation of transcription start sites (TSSs) is a pivotal regulatory mechanism in physiologic...

Multi-Omics and Machine Learning Analyses Reveal PIK3CG, PRKCD, and TRIM22 as Potential Markers of Poor Prognosis and Immune Activation in Glioblastoma.

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the most aggressive brain tumors with a poor prognosis despite current treatment modalities. This study aimed...