Hospital-Based Medicine

Hypotension Prediction Index-Guided Hemodynamic Management on Postoperative Organ Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is a frequent occurrence during noncardiac surgery. Hypotensive episodes can compromise tissue perfusion, and cumulative exposure has been associated with adverse outcomes such as acute kidney injury (AKI), myocardial injury, and increased mortality. The Hypotension Prediction Index (HPI) is an artificial intelligence tool designed to predict hypotensive events bef...

Advanced high-entropy materials for fuel cells and water electrolysis.

High-entropy materials (HEMs) represent a paradigm shift in developing efficient components of proton exchange membrane fuel cells/water electrolysis and solid oxide fuel cells/water electrolysis for hydrogen energy conversion and storage. This comprehensive review summarizes foundational breakthroughs and emerging applications of HEMs across those electrochemical energy devices, examines the role...

In-hospital outcomes and cost-effectiveness of transcatheter aortic valve replacement among younger patients: a double/debiased machine learning approach using electronic health records in Germany.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of severe symptomatic aortic stenosis is increasing with population aging. Although surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR...

Risk prediction in spine surgery: a scoping review of traditional models, artificial intelligence, and the challenge of clinical translation.

BACKGROUND: Accurate perioperative risk stratification is essential to patient safety and informed consent in spine surgery. Traditional regression-ba...

Responsible AI for Predicting Delayed Hospital Discharge Among Older Adults: Development and Evaluation Study for Balancing Accuracy, Equity, and Explainability.

BACKGROUND: Amid growing demands and constrained health care resources, effective hospital bed capacity management is crucial. Delayed hospital discha...

Digital Monitoring of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Users Through Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Electronic Patient-Reported Experience Measures: Multicenter Prospective Study on Feasibility, Safety, and Predictive Modeling of Digital Engagement.

BACKGROUND: Digital health tools integrating electronic patient-reported outcome and experience measures (ePROMs/ePREMs) enable longitudinal monitorin...

Development of a Predictive Model for the Latency Period in Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes Before 32 Weeks' Gestation.

BACKGROUND: Only 13.7% of corticosteroid treatments occurred within the most effective treatment time window for preterm premature rupture of membrane...

Performance of Machine Learning Models for Sepsis and Stroke Detection Using EMS Data.

OBJECTIVES: Early sepsis and stroke recognition by emergency medical services (EMS) improves triage, treatment, and patient outcomes. Machine learning...

Using Machine Learning to Improve Screening for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Hospitalized Versus Primary Care Adult Patients With COVID-19 Disease: Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) commonly occurs in patients with COVID-19 disease, posing diagnostic challenges due to isolation protocols. O...

An exploratory study of headache pain intensity using facial expressions and APEX frames.

In this cross-sectional observational study, we developed a computer vision-based machine-learning model to estimate headache pain intensity from faci...

Explainable machine learning for predicting mechanical ventilation in Alzheimer's patients with pneumonia: a SHAP-guided XGBoost nomogram based on MIMIC-IV.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are particularly vulnerable to pneumonia and subsequent respiratory failure due to neurodegeneration-induced dysphag...

Excellent agreement between automated deep learning-based and manual diffusion-weighted imaging infarct volume measurements in hyperacute stroke.

BACKGROUND: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) infarct volume and infarct growth are important imaging biomarkers in patients with acute ischemic stroke...

Conducting Medication Reviews: A Comparative Study Between ChatGPT-4 and Healthcare Professionals.

BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of patients with hyperpolypharmacy (> 10 medications) has made medication reviews increasingly complex. ChatGPT-...

[Expert consensus on optimizing the multidisciplinary clinical pathways and management models for pulmonary function testing].

The promotion and application of pulmonary function tests (PFTs) in China have achieved preliminary success;however, numerous deficiencies persist in ...

A multiparameter model (OsteoSC-M3) for early detection and risk stratification of osteoporosis in women: a multicentre cohort study in China.

BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is a major global health issue, but current early screening tools lack accuracy, and the gold-standard diagnostic method, dua...

Prediction of unplanned readmission in older adults during hospital stay: a data-driven approach to support care transition.

PURPOSE/AIMS: Accurately predicting 30-day unplanned readmission in older adults is critical for improving care transitions and reducing preventable h...

Consciousness Monitoring and Outcome Prediction Using EEG Connectivity in Severe Traumatic Brain Injury.

Neurological prognostication of patients in post-traumatic coma remains challenging due to the paucity of reliable markers in the acute phase. We aime...

Facilitators and barriers of research engagement in a large teaching hospital in the Netherlands: a narrative reflection.

BACKGROUND: Healthcare organisations are facing major challenges, including workforce shortages, rising costs, and an aging population. Research engag...

An Introduction to Machine Learning for the Pediatric Hospitalist.

Machine learning models are increasingly used in clinical research to predict patient outcomes, yet many clinicians lack the training to critically ap...

Clinical Outcomes of Postedited Artificial Intelligence Translation for Discharge Instructions.