Infectious Disease

Dynamics of Th1/Th17 responses and antimicrobial pathways in leprosy skin lesions.

BACKGROUND: Reversal reactions (RR) in leprosy are acute immune episodes marked by inflammation and bacterial clearance, offering a model to study the dynamics of host responses to Mycobacterium leprae. These episodes are often severe and difficult to treat, frequently progressing to permanent disabilities. We aimed to characterize the immune mechanisms and identify antimicrobial effectors during ...

Correction: Data-driven machine learning algorithm model for pneumonia prediction and determinant factor stratification among children aged 6-23 months in Ethiopia.

Comparative investigation of bagging enhanced machine learning for early detection of HCV infections using class imbalance technique with feature selection.

Around 1.5 million new cases of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) are diagnosed globally each year (World Health Organization, 2023). Consequently, there is a p...

Microrobots for Antibiotic-Resistant Skin Colony Eradication.

Self-propelled nano- and micromachines have immense potential as autonomous seek-and-act devices in biomedical applications. In this study, we present...

Machine learning prediction models for stroke-associated pneumonia:Meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: The heterogeneity of machine learning (ML) models predicting the risk of stroke-associated pneumonia (SAP) is considerable. This study aims...

CRCpred: An AI-ML tool for colorectal cancer prediction using gut microbiome.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of death worldwide. A plethora of research shows the alteration of the gut microbiome and the association o...

Significant associations between high-risk sexual behaviors and enterotypes of gut microbiome in HIV-negative men who have sex with men.

UNLABELLED: Gut microbiome of men who have sex with men (MSM) exhibits distinctive characteristics compared with general populations. The dysbiosis of...

Exploring the complex interplay between oral infection, periodontitis, and robust microRNA induction, including multiple known oncogenic miRNAs.

() is an oral commensal bacterium that can become pathogenic and is associated with periodontitis, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and colorectal cancer ...

A Novel nor@DHB Matrix for Direct Microbial Analysis in Lung Cancer Tissues.

Dynamic changes occurring in the lung microbiota can impact the initiation, progression, and prognosis of lung cancer (LC). Consequently, the developm...

Unveiling the role of microbial rease in ureolysis-induced calcium carbonate precipitation, Its mechanistic insights, and emerging applications.

Urease (urea amidohydrolase, EC 3.5.1.5) is a metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of urea into ammonia and carbamate, playing a pivotal role i...

Photocatalytic microrobots for treating bacterial infections deep within sinuses.

Microrobotic techniques are promising for treating biofilm infections located deep within the human body. However, the presence of highly viscous pus ...

Annual global dengue dynamics are related to multi-source factors revealed by a machine learning prediction analysis.

BACKGROUND: Dengue is a significant global health threat, transmitted by mosquitoes and influenced by multiple factors. A comprehensive analysis of th...

Comprehensive analysis and experimental validation of BST1 as a novel diagnostic biomarker for pediatric sepsis using multiple machine learning algorithms.

Bone marrow stromal cell antigen-1 (BST1) expression is elevated in a variety of human diseases, but its relationship with pediatric sepsis is unclear...

In-silico study of approved drugs as potential inhibitors against 3CLpro and other viral proteins of CoVID-19.

The global pandemic, due to the emergence of COVID-19, has created a public health crisis. It has a huge morbidity rate that was never comprehended in...

Improved swin transformer-based thorax disease classification with optimal feature selection using chest X-ray.

Thoracic diseases, including pneumonia, tuberculosis, lung cancer, and others, pose significant health risks and require timely and accurate diagnosis...

Streamlining tuberculosis detection with foundation model-based weakly supervised transformer.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major global health challenge, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Traditional microscopy-based diagnostics ...

iAVP-RFVOT: Identify Antiviral Peptides by Random Forest Voting Machine Learning with Unified Manifold Learning Embedded Features.

Viruses are transmitted through multiple routes and can cause a wide range of diseases. Antiviral peptides (AVPs) have emerged as a cost-effective and...

Mortality risk associated with clinical signs of possible serious bacterial infection (PSBI) in young infants in Africa and Asia: protocol for a secondary pooled analysis.

INTRODUCTION: The WHO's Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) in young infants <2 months of age includes the identification and management...

Prime editor-based high-throughput screening reveals functional synonymous mutations in human cells.

Synonymous mutations are generally considered neutral, while their roles in the human genome remain largely unexplored. Here we use the PEmax system t...

Use of a convolutional neural network for direct detection of acid-fast bacilli from clinical specimens.

Mycobacteria, including (MTB) and non-tuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), are important causes of infectious disease and cause significant mortality and...