Infectious Disease

Antibiogram use on dairy cattle for bovine respiratory disease: Factors associated with bacterial pathogen identification and prediction of bacterial recovery using machine learning.

Effective isolation of bacterial pathogens for bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a critical step for accurate diagnosis of the agent associated with this disease on the dairy. Limited information is available on factors associated with herd-level bacterial pathogen recovery for BRD clinical cases, which are important data to help identify strategies to support the successful collection of a mini...

Design and Synthesis of Magnolol Derivatives Using Integrated CNNs and Pharmacophore Approaches for Enhanced Parasiticidal Activity in Aquaculture.

Aquaculture is a rapidly growing sector of global food production, playing a vital role in poverty alleviation, food security, and income generation. However, it faces substantial challenges, particularly due to infections caused by the protozoan , leading to reduced yields and economic losses. In this study, two classes of magnolol derivatives (M1-M26) were synthesized and evaluated for their par...

Genome evolution of Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV).

UNLABELLED: Kaposi sarcoma (KS) is the most common cancer in people living with HIV (PLWH), particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), where Kaposi sar...

Vaccinology in the artificial intelligence era.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has already transformed vaccine antigen design and could transform the entire vaccinology pipeline, including immune resp...

Barriers to the widespread adoption of diagnostic artificial intelligence for preventing antimicrobial resistance.

Currently, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a major public health challenge. The emergence of AMR, which significantly threatens public health, is...

Tuberculosis detection using few shot learning.

Tuberculosis (TB), a contagious disease, significantly affects lungs functioning. Amongst multiple detection methodologies, Chest X-ray analysis is co...

Constructing a screening model to identify patients at high risk of hospital-acquired influenza on admission to hospital.

OBJECTIVE: To develop a machine learning (ML)-based admission screening model for hospital-acquired (HA) influenza using routinely available data to s...

Aptamer-functionalized graphene quantum dots combined with artificial intelligence detect bacteria for urinary tract infections.

OBJECTIVES: Urinary tract infection is one of the most prevalent forms of bacterial infection, and prompt and efficient identification of pathogenic b...

Changes in recreational drug use, reasons for those changes and their consequence during and after the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.

Changes in drug use in the general population during the COVID-19 pandemic and their long-term consequences are not well understood. We employed natur...

Machine Learning Interpretation of Optical Spectroscopy Using Peak-Sensitive Logistic Regression.

Optical spectroscopy, a noninvasive molecular sensing technique, offers valuable insights into material characterization, molecule identification, and...

Unraveling relevant cross-waves pattern drifts in patient-hospital risk factors among hospitalized COVID-19 patients using explainable machine learning methods.

BACKGROUND: Several studies explored factors related to adverse clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients but lacked analysis of the impact of the tem...

Diagnosis accuracy of machine learning for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The diagnosis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is complex, which requires lung biopsy, if necessary, and multidisciplinary discussio...

Using pathology images and artificial intelligence to identify bacterial infections and their types.

Bacterial infections pose a significant biosafety concern, making early and accurate diagnosis essential for effective treatment and prognosis. Tradit...

Evaluation of Different Machine Learning Approaches to Predict Antigenic Distance Among Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV) Strains.

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) continues to present a significant challenge for vaccination due to its rapid evolution and the emergence of new variant...

AADNet: Exploring EEG Spatiotemporal Information for Fast and Accurate Orientation and Timbre Detection of Auditory Attention Based on a Cue-Masked Paradigm.

Auditory attention decoding from electroencephalogram (EEG) could infer to which source the user is attending in noisy environments. Decoding algorith...

Integrating Machine Learning and Bulk and Single-Cell RNA Sequencing to Decipher Diverse Cell Death Patterns for Predicting the Prognosis of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Breast Cancer.

Breast cancer (BRCA) continues to pose a serious risk to women's health worldwide. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is a critical treatment strategy. Ne...

RCPE in association with the American College of Gastroenterology and the Scottish Society of Gastroenterology - Gastroenterology: A global perspective.

On 6 November 2024, the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) hosted its annual gastroenterology symposium, marking the first collaboration ...

Remdesivir associated with reduced mortality in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: treatment effectiveness using real-world data and natural language processing.

BACKGROUND: Remdesivir (RDV) was the first antiviral approved for mild-to-moderate COVID-19 and for those patients at risk for progression to severe d...

Role of electrostatics in cold adaptation: A comparative study of eury- and stenopsychrophilic triose phosphate isomerase.

Psychrophilic (cold-active) organisms have developed enzymes that facilitate sufficient metabolic activity at low temperatures to sustain life. This o...

Multifaceted profiling of virus-specific CD8 T cells reveals distinct immune signatures against cytomegalovirus infection states during pregnancy.

Anti-cytomegalovirus (CMV) serological testing, including the IgG avidity index (AI), is used to assess CMV infection phases during pregnancy. However...