Infectious Disease

Latest AI and machine learning research in infectious disease for healthcare professionals.

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Neural Network Guided Calibration for Fast Virtual Twin Generation in Cardiovascular ODE Models

Calibration of closed-loop lumped-parameter cardiovascular models remains a major bottleneck for scalable digital-twin generation because inverse estimation is ill-conditioned and typically requires computationally expensive iterative forward simulation. This study investigates whether a supervised neural network (NN) can provide a fast inverse estimator for a paediatric sepsis cardiovascular ODE ...

Deep Learning-Based Structure Modeling of the Treponema pallidum Proteome: Insights into Pathogenesis and Syphilis Vaccine Development

Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum, the causative agent of syphilis, has a small proteome and encompasses numerous strains. Knowledge gaps remain in understanding the molecular mechanisms of pathogenesis of this bacterium, as well as the structure and function of the full complement of proteins encoded by T. pallidum. Here, an AI-based structure-to-function modeling workflow was used to investigate ...

Identifying the determinants of health protective behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic using machine learning: an analysis of six countries

Individuals adapt their behavior in response to infectious disease epidemics. Understanding the determinants of behavior, particularly the impact of i...

Enhancing dengue diagnosis and surveillance by integrating machine learning technologies with the NS1 rapid test kit

Background. Dengue has been a major health threat globally in recent years. In particular, dengue incidences continue to increase annually and the epi...

Evaluating Reference-Independent Pipelines for the Detection of Spreading Organisms in Metagenomic Datasets

The emergence of unidentified pathogens, or "Disease X," poses a significant threat to global health, necessitating the development of proactive surve...

Machine learning approaches for the identification and analysis of enterotoxin genes in Staphylococcus aureus genomes

Staphylococcus aureus produces a broad range of enterotoxins that act as superantigens, disrupting host immune responses and resulting in a myriad of ...

Engaging Community and Healthcare Stakeholders in the Design of HIV Retesting Messages: Findings from Human-Centered Design Workshops in Kenya and Uganda

Frequent HIV testing, or "retesting," the practice of regular HIV testing following a negative test result, among persons at high risk of HIV exposure...

LNGCN: A Distance-Aware Dynamics Network for Protein-Protein Interaction Prediction

High-throughput accurate protein-protein interaction (PPI) prediction is foundational to systems-level biological understanding, disease mechanism dis...

An unsupervised framework for comparing SARS-CoV-2 protein sequences using LLMs

The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic led to 700 million infections and 7 million deaths worldwide. While studying...

A Tissue Microenvironment Analogous to Certain Tumor Microenvironments Facilitates HIV Persistence

The HIV reservoir that establishes early upon infection and persists in tissues remains the primary barrier to a functional cure. While progress has b...

Interpretable sequence-based machine learning consolidates candidate H3N2 hemagglutinin antigenic sites

Vaccine strain selection for seasonal influenza A(H3N2) depends on knowing which hemagglutinin (HA) substitutions are most likely to erode neutralizin...

Species-specific transformer models of bacterial gene order and content for genomic surveillance tasks

Transformer models enable functionally meaningful representation of complex biological data, such as nucleotide or protein sequences. Existing foundat...

Hybrid CNN and Multi-Head Attention Model for Analyzing Epigenetic Mechanisms and Gene Expression Across Fungal Phylogenetic Distances

Understanding gene expression is crucial for optimizing biological processes in bioeconomic processes, human health, and environmental regulation. Epi...

Advancing ab initio genome annotation with OrionGeno

The rapid expansion of eukaryotic genome sequencing has created an urgent demand for scalable and accurate gene annotation, particularly for large-sca...

Scalable machine learning improves resistance prediction and identifies novel determinants in Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Multidrug-resistant and extensively drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) represents a growing global health crisis, characterized by limite...

GenPept-Curated-2025: A Benchmark Dataset for Antimicrobial Peptide Prediction with Homology-Controlled Partitioning

Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are promising therapeutic candidates against rising antimicrobial resistance, yet progress in AMP prediction is hampered...

Are Data Augmentation and Segmentation Always Necessary? Insights from COVID-19 X-Rays and a Methodology Thereof

Purpose: Rapid and reliable diagnostic tools are crucial for managing respiratory diseases like COVID-19, where chest X-ray analysis coupled with arti...

Apr 29 2026 2604.26437v1
Mining Negative Sequential Patterns to Improve Viral Genomic Feature Representation and Classification

Viruses represent the most abundant biological entities on Earth and play a pivotal role in microbial ecosystems, yet, as prominent human pathogens, t...

Apr 28 2026 2604.25968v1
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