Infectious Disease

The pan-genome of Saccharomyces cerevisiae.

Understanding genotype-phenotype relationship is fundamental in biology. With the benefit from next-generation sequencing and high-throughput phenotyping methodologies, there have been generated much genome and phenome data for Saccharomyces cerevisiae. This makes it an excellent model system to understand the genotype-phenotype relationship. In this paper, we presented the reconstruction and appl...

In vitro cytotoxic, antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activity of Saussurea heteromalla indigenous to Pakistan.

Medicinal plants are proven to reveal vast promising potential providing novel drug candidates to combat health-related problems. The aim of current study is to discover new drug compounds with anti-anticancer, antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal potential, to serve the purpose Saussurea heteromalla (Family: Asteraceae) indigenous to Pakistan was screened for the in vitro cytotoxicity agains...

Computational Identification of piRNAs Using Features Based on RNA Sequence, Structure, Thermodynamic and Physicochemical Properties.

RATIONALE: PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a recently-discovered class of small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) with a length of 21-35 nucleotides. They p...

VHost-Classifier: virus-host classification using natural language processing.

MOTIVATION: When analyzing viral metagenomic sequences, it is often desired to filter the results of a BLAST analysis by the host species of the virus...

Machine-Learning Classification Suggests That Many Alphaproteobacterial Prophages May Instead Be Gene Transfer Agents.

Many of the sequenced bacterial and archaeal genomes encode regions of viral provenance. Yet, not all of these regions encode bona fide viruses. Gene ...

A new and efficient numerical method for the fractional modeling and optimal control of diabetes and tuberculosis co-existence.

The main objective of this research is to investigate a new fractional mathematical model involving a nonsingular derivative operator to discuss the c...

A Double-Blind, Randomized Control Trial of Rapidly Infused High Strong Ion Difference (SID) Fluid Versus Hartmann's Solution on Acid-Base Status in Sepsis Patients in the Emergency Department.

BACKGROUND: Balanced fluids are preferred in initial resuscitation of septic patients based on several recent studies. The Stewart's concept on acid-b...

IDOMEN: An Extension of Infectious Disease Ontology for MENingitis.

In sub-Saharan African countries the prevention and control of epidemic diseases requires the improvement of the surveillance system for these disease...

Development and Validation of a Deep Learning-based Automatic Detection Algorithm for Active Pulmonary Tuberculosis on Chest Radiographs.

BACKGROUND: Detection of active pulmonary tuberculosis on chest radiographs (CRs) is critical for the diagnosis and screening of tuberculosis. An auto...

Prospect of using deep learning for predicting differentiation of myeloid progenitor cells after sepsis.

Using Smartphone Survey Data and Machine Learning to Identify Situational and Contextual Risk Factors for HIV Risk Behavior Among Men Who Have Sex with Men Who Are Not on PrEP.

"Just-in-time" interventions (JITs) delivered via smartphones have considerable potential for reducing HIV risk behavior by providing pivotal support ...

Machine learning applications for the prediction of surgical site infection in neurological operations.

OBJECTIVE: Surgical site infection (SSI) following a neurosurgical operation is a complication that impacts morbidity, mortality, and economics. Curre...

Artificial neural network-assisted Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy for differentiation of Salmonella serogroups and its application on epidemiological tracing of Salmonella Bovismorbificans outbreak isolates from fresh sprouts.

Salmonellae represent one of the most common bacterial infection reagents in both humans and animals. For detection and epidemiological elucidation of...

Artificial intelligence in drug combination therapy.

Currently, the development of medicines for complex diseases requires the development of combination drug therapies. It is necessary because in many c...

Context matters: using reinforcement learning to develop human-readable, state-dependent outbreak response policies.

The number of all possible epidemics of a given infectious disease that could occur on a given landscape is large for systems of real-world complexity...

Clinical Decision Support Systems: From the Perspective of Small and Imbalanced Data Set.

Clinical decision support systems are data analysis software that supports health professionals' decision - making the process to reach their ultimate...

Depthwise Separable Convolutional Neural Network Model for Intra-Retinal Cyst Segmentation.

Intra-retinal cysts (IRCs) are significant in detecting several ocular and retinal pathologies. Segmentation and quantification of IRCs from optical c...

Applying Machine Learning Algorithms for Automatic Detection of Swallowing from Sound.

Despite the severe consequences of dysfunctional swallowing, there is no simple method of monitoring swallowing outside of clinical settings. People w...

A Comparative Study of Features for Acoustic Cough Detection Using Deep Architectures.

Automatic cough detection is key to tracking the condition of patients suffering from tuberculosis. We evaluate various acoustic features for performi...

Deep Feature Learning from a Hospital-Scale Chest X-ray Dataset with Application to TB Detection on a Small-Scale Dataset.

The use of ImageNet pre-trained networks is becoming widespread in the medical imaging community. It enables training on small datasets, commonly avai...