Infectious Disease

Generative artificial intelligence-driven chatbots and medical misinformation: an accuracy, referencing and readability audit.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI)-driven chatbots have been rapidly adopted across research, education, business, marketing and medicine. Most interactions, however, come from non-experts using chatbots like search engines, including for everyday health and medical queries. DESIGN: We conducted an original study to audit chatbot responses in health and medical fields prone to misinformation...

Predicting Nosocomial Infections in Hematologic Patients: A Machine Learning Model Based on Dynamic Body Temperature Trajectories.

AIMS: To identify body temperature dynamic patterns and develop a machine learning model for the early detection of nosocomial infections. DESIGN: A retrospective and observational study of patients hospitalised in the haematology department of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital between January 2014 and December 2023. METHODS: A latent class trajectory model was used to discover...

KIMMDY: a biomolecular reaction emulator.

Molecular simulations have become indispensable in biological research. Their accuracy continues to improve, but directly modelling biochemical reacti...

Phenotypic prediction of missense variants via deep contrastive learning.

Missense variants (MVs) influence clinical phenotypes, but our understanding of their phenotypic consequences remains constrained. Existing computatio...

Interpretable machine learning for early prediction of sepsis-induced coagulopathy: a multicenter retrospective development and validation study.

Structure- and Ligand-Based Discovery of Novel 3-Chymotrypsin-Like Protease Nonpeptidomimetic Hits.

The SARS-CoV-2 3-chymotrypsin-like (3CLpro) protease is a key target for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics. While ensitrelvir and nirmatrelvir ...

Hypotension Prediction Index-Guided Hemodynamic Management on Postoperative Organ Outcome: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials.

Intraoperative hypotension (IOH) is a frequent occurrence during noncardiac surgery. Hypotensive episodes can compromise tissue perfusion, and cumulat...

AI-assisted phage formulation delivered via injectable hydrogels for localized control of implant-associated infections.

Bacteriophages are emerging as highly effective antimicrobials for the treatment of persistent bacterial infections, offering precision-targeted actio...

Spatiotemporal patterns of climate-sensitive vector-borne diseases in Bangladesh: leveraging machine learning and spatial regression for intervention strategies.

BACKGROUND: Bangladesh has a noticeable rise in vector-borne diseases (VBD) attributed to climate change. Accurately mapping, predicting, and identify...

Assessing ChatGPT's capability in understanding and reporting antiretroviral therapy drug-drug interactions (ACCURATE-DDI).

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence tools are transforming access to medication information. However, their ability to accurately identify antiretrovi...

Novel machine learning-based approach to identify viral biomarkers of human respiratory emissions from oral and nasal metagenomes.

Humans spend approximately 90% of their lives in built environments, making virus transmission indoors a key determinant of health. Environmental samp...

Computational renaissance in herbal medicine: A 20-year bibliometric deciphering of molecular dynamics simulations reshaping traditional Chinese medicine drug discovery.

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have emerged as pivotal tools for deciphering the molecular mechanisms of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM), yet ...

Evaluating Artificial Intelligence for Sepsis Prediction in Emergency Departments: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis.

Digital Monitoring of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Users Through Electronic Patient-Reported Outcome Measures and Electronic Patient-Reported Experience Measures: Multicenter Prospective Study on Feasibility, Safety, and Predictive Modeling of Digital Engagement.

BACKGROUND: Digital health tools integrating electronic patient-reported outcome and experience measures (ePROMs/ePREMs) enable longitudinal monitorin...

Web-Based Personalized Machine Learning Recommendations to Enhance Shared Decision-Making in Prostate-Specific Antigen Screening: Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Prostate‑specific antigen (PSA) screening involves complex trade‑offs between early detection and the risks of overdiagnosis. For older ad...

Performance of Machine Learning Models for Sepsis and Stroke Detection Using EMS Data.

OBJECTIVES: Early sepsis and stroke recognition by emergency medical services (EMS) improves triage, treatment, and patient outcomes. Machine learning...

Using Machine Learning to Improve Screening for Oropharyngeal Dysphagia in Hospitalized Versus Primary Care Adult Patients With COVID-19 Disease: Retrospective Observational Study.

BACKGROUND: Oropharyngeal dysphagia (OD) commonly occurs in patients with COVID-19 disease, posing diagnostic challenges due to isolation protocols. O...

Explainable machine learning for predicting mechanical ventilation in Alzheimer's patients with pneumonia: a SHAP-guided XGBoost nomogram based on MIMIC-IV.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients are particularly vulnerable to pneumonia and subsequent respiratory failure due to neurodegeneration-induced dysphag...

Beyond Linearity: Transfer Learning Reveals Optimal Biochar Surface Area Window and Suggests Potential Syntrophic Mechanisms in Food Waste Co-Digestion.

UNLABELLED: Anaerobic co-digestion of food waste and paper mill wastewater offers a sustainable waste-to-energy solution, but performance instability ...

Personalized neoantigen cancer vaccines: Why clinical benefit remains inconsistent.

Personalized cancer vaccines have re-emerged as a promising strategy in precision immunotherapy, driven by advances in tumor sequencing, neoantigen id...