Inflammatory Bowel Disease

Two-Stage Extraction of Clinical Course Information From Psychiatric Discharge Summaries Using Fine-Tuned Large Language Models: Cross-Validation Study.

BACKGROUND: Clinical course information, including disease onset, episode recurrence, and hospitalization history, is essential for psychiatric care and research. However, these data are embedded in unstructured clinical narratives with substantial linguistic variability, making manual extraction labor-intensive and rule-based extraction difficult to scale. Fine-tuned large language models (LLMs) ...

BAASNet: boundary-aware deep learning for accurate polyp segmentation in colonoscopy.

Colorectal polyps are primarily detected through colonoscopy, which plays a central role in early cancer prevention. Precise polyp segmentation supports treatment planning and diagnostic accuracy by providing masks that encode clinically relevant structures. Recent advancements in deep learning have led to several polyp segmentation models. However, performance remains hindered by challenges such ...

Artificial intelligence in pituitary surgery: the path to clinical solutions.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly moving from conceptual innovation to high-performing algorithms across the pituitary patient pathway, promisin...

See more, detect more: investigating colonic inspection techniques and polyp detection using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer mortality despite widespread colonoscopy screening. Colonoscopy effectiveness, which ...

Hair neuroendocrine signatures of acute stress reaction symptoms: Cross-national validation and latent profile heterogeneity.

The Acute Stress Reaction (ASR) involves transient emotional, somatic, cognitive, and behavioral symptoms after stressful exposure. Acute stress engag...

Systems biology integration of miR-mRNA profiles identifies steroid refractoriness mechanisms and biomarker candidates in ulcerative colitis.

Approximately 60% of patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) show steroid resistance or dependence, underscoring the need for biomarkers predicting ther...

Peripheral blood profiles reflecting progenitor lineage balance are associated with molecular response in chronic myeloid leukemia.

Early achievement of deep remission improves patients' outcome in chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) treatment, highlighting the need for predictive indic...

Clinical utility beyond detection rates: Interpreting artificial intelligence in FIT-positive colonoscopy.

Role of Artificial Intelligence in acromegaly detection and management.

Despite significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of acromegaly, diagnostic delay remains substantial, often exceeding 6-10 years, while a s...

Integrative multi-omics and machine learning identify CHRNA1 putative circadian-immune hub in COPD.

BACKGROUND: Circadian rhythm disruption is increasingly recognized as a contributor to chronic inflammatory disorders; however, its specific significa...

Automated readings of imaging reports by natural language processing (NLP) supplemented by clinical data predict disease course in children and adults with Crohn's disease: report from the epi-IIRN.

INTRODUCTION: The implementation of imaging features in administrative databases and electronic health records is limited by non-standardized free-tex...

From Uniformity to Individuality: Computational Modelling Provides a Mechanistic Rationale for Weight-Adjusted Botulinum Neurotoxin A Dosing.

Fixed-dose Botulinum neurotoxin type A regimens ignore patient-specific variables, such as body weight, despite allometric principles governing the di...

Assessing the proinflammatory potential of sterile fecal microbiome filtrate from ulcerative colitis patients using an intestine-on-chip platform and automated image analysis.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Ulcerative colitis (UC) is characterized by disruptions of the gut microbiome and an exaggerated mucosal immune response in genet...

The tire antioxidant derivative 6PPD-quinone exacerbates IBD by targeting NR1H4-mediated lipid metabolism and mitochondrial dysfunction in human colon epithelial cells.

N: (1,3-Dimethylbutyl)-N'-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine quinone (6PPD-Q), a tire rubber antioxidant derivative, accumulates in air, soil, and water and ha...

Transdermal delivery of biologics.

Biologics, including peptides, proteins, antibodies, vaccines and nucleic acid-based therapeutics, have transformed the management of chronic, metabol...

Novel indicator for colonoscopy insertion difficulty and its application in predictive modelling: a multicentre prospective study protocol in China.

BACKGROUND: Colonoscopy is a cornerstone for the screening and diagnosis of colorectal diseases. Colonoscopy insertion difficulty is associated with e...

Recent progress in clinical and molecular biological research in rectal serrated lesions.

Colorectal cancer ranks among the most common malignancies worldwide. Rectal serrated lesions represent a significant precancerous condition, accounti...

Perioperative predictors of biochemical remission in acromegaly: a predictive modeling study.

PURPOSE: Biochemical remission after transsphenoidal resection for acromegaly remains challenging, and early prognostication is limited. This study ap...

Automation dependence in AI-assisted colonoscopy: impact of system reliability and surgeon experience on navigation performance.

BACKGROUND: As artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly introduced into endoscopic navigation, understanding how operators use and respond to AI s...

The High-Intensity Zone: A Dynamic Inflammatory Hub in Lumbar Disc Degeneration.

The lumbar intervertebral disc high-intensity zone (HIZ), a focal hyperintensity within the annulus fibrosus on T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging...