Lung Cancer

Improving automatic delineation for head and neck organs at risk by Deep Learning Contouring.

INTRODUCTION: Adequate head and neck (HN) organ-at-risk (OAR) delineation is crucial for HN radiotherapy and for investigating the relationships between radiation dose to OARs and radiation-induced side effects. The automatic contouring algorithms that are currently in clinical use, such as atlas-based contouring (ABAS), leave room for improvement. The aim of this study was to use a comprehensive ...

Effect of Radiation Doses to the Heart on Survival for Stereotactic Ablative Radiotherapy for Early-stage Non-Small-cell Lung Cancer: An Artificial Neural Network Approach.

INTRODUCTION: The cardiac radiation dose is an important predictor of cardiac toxicity and overall survival (OS) for patients with locally advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, radiation-induced cardiac toxicity among patients with early-stage NSCLC who have undergone stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) has been less well-characterized. Our objective was to assess the associa...

Preparing for Artificial Intelligence: Systems-Level Implications for the Medical Imaging and Radiation Therapy Professions.

Innovations in artificial intelligence (AI) are driving a new industrial revolution, and as a result, the medical radiation sciences is experiencing t...

[Basis and perspectives of artificial intelligence in radiation therapy].

Artificial intelligence is a highly polysemic term. In computer science, with the objective of being able to solve totally new problems in new context...

A machine learning model for the prediction of survival and tumor subtype in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma from preoperative diffusion-weighted imaging.

BACKGROUND: To develop a supervised machine learning (ML) algorithm predicting above- versus below-median overall survival (OS) from diffusion-weighte...

A Super-Learner Model for Tumor Motion Prediction and Management in Radiation Therapy: Development and Feasibility Evaluation.

In cancer radiation therapy, large tumor motion due to respiration can lead to uncertainties in tumor target delineation and treatment delivery, thus ...

Outpatient Anesthesia Facilitates Stereotactic Body Radiation Therapy for Early Stage Lung Cancer Patients With Advanced Cognitive Impairments.

PURPOSE: To report on the use of outpatient anesthesia (OPA) facilitating delivery of stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) in patients with seve...

Artificial Intelligence and the Medical Radiation Profession: How Our Advocacy Must Inform Future Practice.

There is no escaping the fact that academics are devoting unrelenting attention to the impact artificial intelligence will have on health care. Radiol...

Two stage residual CNN for texture denoising and structure enhancement on low dose CT image.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: X-ray computed tomography (CT) plays an important role in modern medical science. Human health problems caused by CT radiati...

Optimizing robot motion for robotic ultrasound-guided radiation therapy.

An important aspect of robotic radiation therapy is active compensation of target motion. Recently, ultrasound has been proposed to obtain real-time v...

Computer-Aided Diagnosis in Histopathological Images of the Endometrium Using a Convolutional Neural Network and Attention Mechanisms.

Uterine cancer (also known as endometrial cancer) can seriously affect the female reproductive system, and histopathological image analysis is the gol...

Detection of Hemodynamically Significant Coronary Stenosis: CT Myocardial Perfusion versus Machine Learning CT Fractional Flow Reserve.

Background Direct intraindividual comparison of dynamic CT myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and machine learning (ML)-based CT fractional flow reser...

Single patient convolutional neural networks for real-time MR reconstruction: a proof of concept application in lung tumor segmentation for adaptive radiotherapy.

Investigate 3D (spatial and temporal) convolutional neural networks (CNNs) for real-time on-the-fly magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reconstruction. I...

Hover-Net: Simultaneous segmentation and classification of nuclei in multi-tissue histology images.

Nuclear segmentation and classification within Haematoxylin & Eosin stained histology images is a fundamental prerequisite in the digital pathology wo...

How Much Was the Elective Lymph Node Region Covered in Involved-Field Radiation Therapy for Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer? Evaluation of Overlap Between Gross Target Volume and Celiac Artery-Superior Mesenteric Artery Lymph Node Regions.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the overlaps between gross target volume (GTV) and the celiac artery (CA) and superior mesenteri...

Artificial Intelligence in Radiation Oncology.

The integration of artificial intelligence in the radiation oncologist's workflow has multiple applications and significant potential. From the initia...

2D ultrasound imaging based intra-fraction respiratory motion tracking for abdominal radiation therapy using machine learning.

We have previously developed a robotic ultrasound imaging system for motion monitoring in abdominal radiation therapy. Owing to the slow speed of ultr...

Radiation-Induced Hypothyroidism After Radical Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy for Oropharyngeal Carcinoma.

PURPOSE: To evaluate 2 published normal tissue complication probability models for radiation-induced hypothyroidism (RHT) on a large cohort of orophar...

3D cone-beam CT of the ankle using a novel twin robotic X-ray system: Assessment of image quality and radiation dose.

PURPOSE: To evaluate image quality (IQ) and radiation dose in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) of the ankle using a novel twin robotic X-ray syste...

Physics-driven learning of x-ray skin dose distribution in interventional procedures.

PURPOSE: Radiation doses accumulated during very complicated image-guided x-ray procedures have the potential to cause stochastic, but also determinis...