Menopause

Nutritionally Responsive PMv DAT Neurons Are Dynamically Regulated During Pubertal Transition.

Pubertal development is tightly regulated by energy balance. The crosstalk between metabolism and reproduction is orchestrated by complex neural networks, and leptin action in the hypothalamus plays a critical role. The ventral premammillary nucleus (PMv) leptin receptor (LepRb) neurons act as an essential relay for leptin action on reproduction. Here, we show that mouse PMv cells expressing the d...

A Machine Learning Approach to Molecular Initiating Event Prediction Using High-Throughput Transcriptomic Chemical Screening Data.

Improved scalability of high-throughput RNA-sequencing technologies has contributed to their proposed use in regulatory contexts for chemical hazard identification. However, the high dimensionality and size of these transcriptomic data sets present a formidable obstacle for utilizing these data to address gaps in chemical safety information. New bioinformatic approaches for extracting mechanistic ...

Beyond Olfaction: New Insights into Human Odorant Binding Proteins

Until today, the exact function of mammalian odorant binding proteins (OBPs) remains a topic of debate. Although their main established function lac...

How Well Does GPT-4o Understand Vision? Evaluating Multimodal Foundation Models on Standard Computer Vision Tasks

Multimodal foundation models, such as GPT-4o, have recently made remarkable progress, but it is not clear where exactly these models stand in terms ...

Advances in viral vector-based delivery systems for gene therapy: a comprehensive review.

Gene therapy offers a revolutionary approach for treating genetic and acquired disorders by delivering therapeutic genes to target cells. Viral vector...

Identification and designing an analgesic opioid cyclic peptide from Defensin 4 of Mesobuthus martensii Karsch scorpion venom with more effectiveness than morphine.

Considering the limitations of use and side effects of existing analgesics, the discovery of new analgesics is necessary. Venoms of organisms are an i...

PrivCore: Multiplication-activation co-reduction for efficient private inference.

The marriage of deep neural network (DNN) and secure 2-party computation (2PC) enables private inference (PI) on the encrypted client-side data and se...

Development and validation of explainable machine learning models for female hip osteoporosis using electronic health records.

BACKGROUND: Hip fractures are associated with reduced mobility, and higher morbidity, mortality, and healthcare costs. Approximately 90% of hip fractu...

Constructing Non-Markovian Decision Process via History Aggregator

In the domain of algorithmic decision-making, non-Markovian dynamics manifest as a significant impediment, especially for paradigms such as Reinforc...

On Universality of Non-Separable Approximate Message Passing Algorithms

Mean-field characterizations of first-order iterative algorithms -- including Approximate Message Passing (AMP), stochastic and proximal gradient de...

How do Foundation Models Compare to Skeleton-Based Approaches for Gesture Recognition in Human-Robot Interaction?

Gestures enable non-verbal human-robot communication, especially in noisy environments like agile production. Traditional deep learning-based gestur...

Opportunistic Osteoporosis Diagnosis via Texture-Preserving Self-Supervision, Mixture of Experts and Multi-Task Integration

Osteoporosis, characterized by reduced bone mineral density (BMD) and compromised bone microstructure, increases fracture risk in aging populations....

Consistent Video Editing as Flow-Driven Image-to-Video Generation

With the prosper of video diffusion models, down-stream applications like video editing have been significantly promoted without consuming much comp...

A flexible machine learning Mendelian randomization estimator applied to predict the safety and efficacy of sclerostin inhibition.

Mendelian randomization (MR) enables the estimation of causal effects while controlling for unmeasured confounding factors. However, traditional MR's ...

MIND: Material Interface Generation from UDFs for Non-Manifold Surface Reconstruction

Unsigned distance fields (UDFs) are widely used in 3D deep learning due to their ability to represent shapes with arbitrary topology. While prior wo...

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in skeletal muscle regeneration: A comprehensive review of mechanisms, clinical applications, and future directions.

Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) emerged as a significant non-invasive method of stimulating regeneration of the skeletal muscle tissue. This review ...

Integrative network and computational toxicology reveal the molecular mechanisms in PFOA-induced spermatogenic disorder.

Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), a widely used industrial chemical, poses significant environmental and biological toxicity, particularly affecting repr...

Enhancing osteoporosis risk prediction using machine learning: A holistic approach integrating biomarkers and clinical data.

Osteoporosis (OP) affects approximately 18 % of the global population, with osteoporosis-associated fractures impacting up to 37 million people annual...

Computational screening of natural products as tryptophan 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors: Insights from CNN-based QSAR, molecular docking, ADMET, and molecular dynamics simulations.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterised by a complex array of motor, psychiatric, and gastrointestinal symptoms, many of which are linked to disrupt...

Application of machine learning algorithms in osteoporosis analysis based on cardiovascular health assessed by life's essential 8: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Life's Essential 8 (LE8) for assessing cardiovascular health (CVH) has been demonstrated to be inversely associated with osteoporosis (OP)...