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Nuclear Medicine

Latest AI and machine learning research in nuclear medicine for healthcare professionals.

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Secure-by-Disguise: A Systematic Evaluation of Image Disguising for Confidential Medical Image Modeling

Cloud-based deep learning enables large-scale medical image analysis but raises significant privacy concerns when sensitive patient images are outsourced for model development. Image disguising has recently emerged as a promising privacy-enhancing technology (PET) that transforms images into visually unintelligible representations while preserving information for downstream learning. We establishe...

Jul 9 2026 2607.08867v1

Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Detection of Vascular Perfusion Defects on Ventilation/Perfusion (V/Q) Scintigraphy for Pulmonary Embolism

Accurate interpretation of planar ventilation-perfusion (V/Q) scintigraphy, used for diagnosing pulmonary embolism (PE) based on PIOPED/EANM guidelines, requires objective assessment of mismatched V/Q defects. Manual delineation of V/Q defects is time-consuming, subject to interobserver variability, and rarely performed in practice, limiting standardized reporting and quantification of disease bur...

Heterogeneity-Adaptive Diffusion Schrodinger Bridge for PET-Guided Whole-Body MRI Translation

While whole-body multimodal medical imaging scanners have been increasingly recognized for more effective medical applications, the excessive long acq...

Jul 8 2026 2607.07401v1
Semantic-Driven Scale and Spatial Selection for Efficient Cross-Modal Alignment in Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation

Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation (RRSIS) seeks to localize and segment the target object or region specified by a natural language expressi...

Jun 29 2026 2606.30244v1
ReMAP-PET: Beyond Visual Understanding -- Learning Region-Guided Metabolic Alignment Semantics from Brain PET

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) reveals brain metabolism and is clinically central to neurodegenerative disease assessment, yet existing 3D brain f...

Jun 28 2026 2606.29577v1
Detection without calibration: benchmarking domestic and international large language models for quality control of Mandarin 18F-FDG PET/CT reports

Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly used for automated quality control (QC) of radiology reports. However, the reliability of LLMs on report...

Alzheimer's Disease Diagnosis using a Multimodal Approach with 3D MRI and PET

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder and a leading cause of death worldwide. Early diagnosis plays an important part...

Jun 18 2026 2606.20037v1
HEad and neCK TumOR (HECKTOR) 2025: Benchmark of Segmentation, Diagnosis, and Prognosis in Multimodal PET/CT

Head and neck cancers (HNC) represent a significant global health burden, with accurate tumor delineation being essential for effective radiotherapy p...

Jun 18 2026 2606.20143v1
Mutual Distillation of Dual-Foundation Models for Semi-Supervised PET/CT Segmentation

Organ segmentation from PET/CT is critical for quantitative analysis and radiotherapy planning in oncology. To ease the high annotation cost of PET/CT...

Jun 14 2026 2606.15611v1
Dual-Domain Equivariant Generative Adversarial Network for Multimodal CT-PET Synthesis

We present a Dual-Domain Equivariant Generative Adversarial Network (DDE-GAN) for multimodal CT-PET image synthesis. Traditional GAN-based approaches ...

Jun 11 2026 2606.13341v1
Time-Conditioned and Multi-Time Survival Prediction from 2D PET/CT Projections in Lung Cancer

Accurate prediction of overall survival (OS) from positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) can support personalized treatment and fol...

Jun 10 2026 2606.12140v1
U-TTT: Towards Generalizable PET Image Denoising via Test-Time Training

Existing deep learning models for Positron Emission Tomography (PET) image denoising often suffer from severe performance degradation under distributi...

Jun 9 2026 2606.11032v1
UniPET: a universal network for high-quality PET image denoising across varied dose reduction factors

Most existing deep learning-based PET image denoising methods assume a fixed and known dose reduction factor (DRF) for low-dose PET images. However, t...

Jun 9 2026 2606.11131v1
Improving PET/CT-Based Whole-Body Lesion Segmentation Using Prediction Uncertainty-Augmented Models

Accurate lesion segmentation from whole-body Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/Computed Tomography (CT) scans is essential for cancer staging and tre...

Jun 8 2026 2606.10115v1
Less Is More: Training-Free Acceleration Framework of 3D Diffusion Models for Low-Count PET Denoising via Global-Local Trajectory Reduction

Accurate quantification and uptake measurement in PET are critical for assessing disease progression and supporting clinical decision-making. While hi...

Jun 7 2026 2606.08751v1
Deep learning-guided design of hydrolases for crystalline PET depolymerization

Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), a ubiquitous polyester used in packaging and textiles, persists in the environment due to its high crystallinity a...

CSV-ViT: A Vision Transformer with the Variable-sized Cortical Supervertices for Detection of Alzheimer's Disease Pathologies

Confirming Alzheimer's disease (AD) typically relies on positron emission tomography (PET), which remains costly and invasive, motivating the use of s...

May 26 2026 2605.26514v1
Opportunistic CT Attenuation Biomarkers of Anemia Are Associated With Impaired Myocardial Flow Reserve and Cardiovascular Outcomes

Background: Anemia is an established marker of cardiovascular disease severity and risk which leads to elevations in resting myocardial blood flow (MB...

petVAE: A Data-Driven Model for Identifying Amyloid PET Subgroups Across the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum

Amyloid-{beta} (A{beta}) PET imaging is a core biomarker and is sufficient for the biological diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, we aimed to...

Integration of immunomonitoring assays with PET/CT in TB patients identifies on-treatment biomarkers

Tuberculosis (TB) continues to pose a significant global public health challenge with substantial morbidity and mortality. Current TB biomarkers lack ...

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