Obesity

Metabolic convergence of diabetes and prostate cancer: from dysglycemia to tumor microenvironment reprogramming.

The relationship between diabetes mellitus and prostate cancer (PC) represents one of the most intriguing paradoxes in cancer epidemiology, with diabetic individuals exhibiting a reduced incidence of PC yet poorer prognosis following diagnosis. This apparent contradiction underscores the need for an integrated understanding of how systemic metabolic dysfunction influences prostate carcinogenesis a...

Heterogeneous effects of preoperative beta blockers on 30-day mortality after coronary artery bypass surgery.

BACKGROUND: The role of preoperative β-blocker therapy in patients with ventricular dysfunction undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) remains unclear. OBJECTIVE: We aim to evaluate heterogeneous treatment effects of preoperative β-blocker therapy in patients with ventricular dysfunction undergoing CABG and to identify subgroups that may derive greater benefit from preoperative β-blocke...

Neuroimmune pharmacotherapy across the skin-brain axis: mechanisms, therapeutic targets, and AI-enabled precision approaches.

The skin-brain axis is a bidirectional neuroimmune network linking cutaneous inflammation with central neuroinflammation, stress signaling, and behavi...

Comparative analysis of human papilloma virus detection methods and prognostic significance of transcriptionally active viral load in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Human papilloma virus (HPV)-related head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) incidence is rising. Despite the prognostic and therapeu...

From metabolites to membrane vesicles: Unifying gut microbial signals in obesity, t2dm, and MASLD.

Obesity, Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) represent interconnected global health p...

Patient-Centered Summarization Framework for AI Clinical Summarization: Mixed Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly demonstrating the potential to reach human-level performance in generating clinical summarie...

Unsupervised machine learning with Cluster Analysis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: insights in CV risk phenotypes from a multicentre Italian cohort.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients face increased cardiovascular (CV) risk, yet existing 10-year estimation tools often underperform. This study evalu...

User Engagement and Feature Preferences in an AI-Powered mHealth Intervention for Diabetes Prevention: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Prediabetes is highly prevalent and increasing globally, yet lifestyle interventions remain underused. AI-driven mobile health (mHealth) t...

Integrated multi-omics analyses identify an RAS-SLC11A2-associated molecular framework linking iron metabolism with PCOS-related cardiometabolic risk.

INTRODUCTION: PCOS is a common endocrine disorder with elevated cardiometabolic risk, yet the role of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS)-iron metaboli...

Cost-Effectiveness of AI-Enabled Electrocardiography for Screening MASLD-Associated Advanced Chronic Liver Disease in the US Population.

BACKGROUND: MASLD is the most prevalent chronic liver disease worldwide, with pooled global prevalence estimates of approximately 30%. Current noninva...

New Evidence in Heart Failure: 2026 Update.

Heart failure (HF) remains a major cause of morbidity, mortality, impaired quality of life and healthcare expenditure worldwide. The global burden of ...

Machine learning models for early detection of urinary tract infections in kidney transplant patients.

BACKGROUND: Renal transplantation is the preferred treatment for end-stage chronic kidney disease but requires lifelong immunosuppression, increasing ...

Artificial Intelligence-Estimated Intrapancreatic Fat and Its Relationship to Familial and Germline Pancreatic Cancer Risk.

BACKGROUND: Family history of pancreatic cancer (PC), pathogenic germline variants (PGVs), and increased intrapancreatic fat (IPF) are individually as...

Elevated pro-BNP and low-grade inflammation are associated with low bone mineral density in systemic sclerosis, a case control study.

BACKGROUND: Bone mineral density (BMD) is compromised in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) compared to the background population, yet the underly...

Machine Learning-Driven Risk Clusters for Adverse Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Acute Heart Failure: Using a Retrospective Cohort Data.

AIM: Heart failure (HF) poses a growing public health burden, yet conventional risk stratification models fail to capture the multidimensional complex...

Using large language models to investigate patients' and caregivers' perceptions on SUDEP: A case study with an online epilepsy population.

BACKGROUND: Sudden Unexpected Death in Epilepsy (SUDEP) is a leading cause of epilepsy-related mortality, yet remains under-communicated in clinical p...

Waist-to-Height Ratio Reveals Hidden Metabolic Risk in Lean Individuals with MASLD.

BACKGROUND: Lean metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) can be overlooked in adults with a normal body mass index (BMI). We ...

Identification of comorbidity-based clusters and mortality risk in hospitalised patients with diabetes mellitus in Karachi, Pakistan: a machine learning analysis.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes has reached epidemic proportions in Pakistan. This study applied machine learning (ML) techniques to identify comorbidity-based a...

Deep Learning Algorithm-Reconstructed Triple-Rule-Out CT: Image Quality and Performance in Evaluating Coronary Lumen Stenosis.

To assess radiation burden and contrast medium load, image quality, and the performance of AI-reader and junior radiologists in evaluating coronary st...

Prognostic Value of Artificial Intelligence ECG-Derived Diastolic Function in Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement.

BACKGROUND: Diastolic dysfunction is common in patients with aortic stenosis and may influence outcomes following surgical aortic valve replacement. W...