Obesity

Development and internal validation of an explainable machine-learning model to predict 3-year overall survival rate after radical cystectomy.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to develop and internally validate an explainable machine-learning model using routinely available clinicopathologic and laboratory variables for predicting 3-year overall survival (OS) after radical cystectomy. METHODS: We retrospectively included 300 patients who underwent radical cystectomy between January 2018 and December 2022. The primary endpoint was prespecifie...

Exploring the Bone-Vascular Axis: AI-Augmented Chest CT Analysis in COPD Highlights Association Between Vertebral Bone Density and Arterial Calcifications.

OBJECTIVES: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools enable automated assessment of vertebral bone mineral density (BMD), coronary artery calcification (CAC), and aortic calcification on CT scans, offering multimorbidity analysis in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. We aimed to investigate the bone-vascular axis with a focus on COPD severity and inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) use. MET...

Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy in patients with lumbar disc herniation: risk factors and thresholds for adverse outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Percutaneous endoscopic interlaminar discectomy (PEID) is a common surgical technique for lumbar disc herniation (LDH), but the risk facto...

Early Identification of Mobility Limitations in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Development of a Prediction Model Based on a Prospective Cohort.

BACKGROUND: With the aging of the global population, preventing the onset of mobility limitations is considered a worldwide public health priority. OB...

BC-SwinNet: Swin transformer and CNN with multi-objective optimization for multi-class breast cancer detection using Histopathological images.

Breast cancer remains a major global health concern and is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths among women worldwide. It is estimated that by 2...

Identification of PTPRR gene associated with cirrhosis and sarcopenia based on bioinformatics and machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Cirrhosis and sarcopenia frequently coexist and are associated with poor clinical outcomes; however, their shared genetic basis remains in...

Predicting length of stay in the pediatric intensive care unit at a tertiary center in Saudi Arabia using machine learning.

BACKGROUND: Prolonged stay in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs) is associated with increased mortality risk, elevated healthcare costs, and dimin...

Dynamic machine learning model integrating resting energy expenditure for predicting postoperative complications after gastrectomy for gastric cancer.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether perioperative resting energy expenditure (REE) dynamics improve prediction of postoperative complications after gastre...

SPISE index and ensemble machine learning refine cardiovascular risk stratification in stage 0-3 CKM syndrome.

BACKGROUND: While the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) shows promise as an insulin resistance biomarker, its association with cardio...

Molecular basis of precision nutrition: Food components, microbiome-derived metabolites, and multi-omics modeling.

Metabolic disorders, including obesity, type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, and fatty liver disease, reflect multifactorial interactions among diet, ...

Ventral hernia repair in emergency settings. A machine learning model to predict post-operative complications.

BACKGROUND: Emergency ventral hernia repair remains a challenging procedure due to patient instability, contaminated surgical fields, and heterogeneit...

Explainable AI for Well-Being Prediction From Lifestyle Data: 2-Study Design.

BACKGROUND: Well-being is a cornerstone of public health and social progress; yet, its determinants are multifaceted and dynamic. As behavioral data b...

Communication-Based Teaching on Childhood Obesity and the Planetary Health Diet in Medical Education: Proof-of-Concept Study Comparing 4 Information Sources.

BACKGROUND: Childhood obesity constitutes a complex medical and psychosocial challenge that requires both nutritional knowledge and sensitive, relatio...

Bridging survival analysis and machine learning to improve healthy life expectancy estimation using PHR records.

Healthy Life Expectancy (HLE) considers the years an individual has lived free of disease. Minimising time a population spends in ill-health will dire...

Evaluation of image quality between hybrid iterative reconstruction and deep learning reconstruction in low dose abdominopelvic CT in low body mass index individuals.

The study aimed to compare image quality between hybrid iterative reconstruction and deep learning image reconstruction (DLIR) in low dose contrast en...

Development and external validation of an interpretable machine-learning model for HFpEF comorbidity risk in COPD patients.

BACKGROUND: Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) and Heart Failure with preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) frequently coexist, leading to inc...

Development and validation of a clinlabomics-based machine-learning model for noninvasive risk stratification of moderate-to-severe OSA.

PURPOSE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a highly prevalent sleep disorder strongly associated with adverse cardiometabolic and neurocognitive outcom...

Clinical and quality of life predictors in patients with schizophrenia with and without substance use disorder.

The comorbidity of schizophrenia (SZ) and substance use disorder (SUD), also known as dual schizophrenia (SZ+), represents a clinical challenge due to...

Beyond Weight Loss: Obesogenic Memory as Biological Hysteresis in Adipose Tissue Revealed by AI Semantic Mapping With an Exportable Core Corpus.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is commonly viewed as a reversible condition primarily driven by excess body weight. Increasing evidence, however, suggests that a...

Early prediction of in-hospital mortality in ICU patients with heart failure using an interpretable machine learning model: a retrospective study based on MIMIC-IV.

BACKGROUND: Heart failure (HF) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and acute decompensation frequently necessitates intensive ...