Obesity

Identification of modifiable plasma protein markers of cardiometabolic risk in children and adolescents with obesity.

Pediatric obesity is linked to multi-organ inflammation and an increased risk of cardiometabolic and steatotic liver disease. To identify circulating biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, we performed proximity extension assay proteomics, to quantify 149 inflammation- and cardiovascular-related proteins in a cross-sectional study of 4024 children and adolescents (2377 with obesity and 1647 with norm...

Artificial intelligence in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Transforming diagnosis and therapeutic approaches.

Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is an increasingly prevalent condition associated with hepatic complications and cardiovascular and renal events. Given its significant clinical impact, the development of new strategies for early diagnosis and treatment is essential to improve patient outcomes. Over the past decade, the integration of artificial intelligence (AI) in...

Predicting cardiovascular diseases using imbalanced data: An XGBoost-based analysis of the 2022 BRFSS dataset.

BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remain the leading cause of mortality worldwide, arising from complex interactions among demographic, clini...

From Algorithm to Operatory: How Reliable Is Artificial Intelligence in Educating Patients on External Sinus Lifting?

BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) such as Chat Generative Pre-Trained Transformer (ChatGPT; OpenAI, San Francisco, CA) and Claude (Anthropic, S...

A multi-target therapeutic framework for Alzheimer's disease: an integrative mechanistic review.

BACKGROUND: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is increasingly recognized as a multifactorial network disorder in which amyloid and tau pathology interact with ...

Impact of continuing renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors before surgery on intraoperative hypotensive events: a secondary analysis of the STOP-or-NOT Trial.

BACKGROUND: The multicentre STOP-or-NOT trial has shown that continuation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone inhibitors (RAASis) before major noncardiac...

Challenges in improving the equation for estimating 24-h urinary sodium excretion from casual urine in hypertensive patients taking antihypertensive drugs: addressing overestimation, especially at low sodium excretion levels.

The estimation formula by Tanaka et al. for predicting the 24-h urinary sodium (Na) excretion (24Na) from a single causal urine sample is widely used....

Multicenter Evaluation of an Artificial Intelligence System for Automatic Recognition of Fetal Ultrasound Findings Suggestive of Congenital Malformations.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of an artificial intelligence (AI) system for detecting eight abnormal fetal ultrasound findings acr...

Sleep apnoea and its consequences: from animal models to precision medicine.

A European Respiratory Society research seminar entitled "Sleep Apnoea and Its Consequences: From Animal Models to Precision Medicine" was held in Jan...

Association between the insulin resistance indices and incident type 2 diabetes across different body mass index states: a cohort study and external validation from two East Asian populations.

BACKGROUND: Insulin resistance (IR) indices like the TyG index are predictors of type 2 diabetes (T2DM), but their comparative performance across BMI ...

Inferring high-fat dietary patterns from electronic health record data using machine learning.

OBJECTIVES: Electronic health records (EHRs) rarely capture dietary detail, limiting diet-disease research. We aimed to develop machine learning (ML) ...

Advancing patient stratification in major depressive disorder: Evaluation of clinical staging and machine learning prediction models based on real-world data.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the utility of a clinical staging model and compared its prognostic performance with an unsupervised machine learning-based str...

Quantitative evaluation of retinal vascular morphology based on the human visual bionic mechanism for the evaluation of diabetic retinopathy onset.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: A limited amount of diabetic retinopathy (DR) development can be explained by traditional risk factors. This study aimed to deter...

PyCaret machine learning library with three preprocessing steps after eLORETA source estimation predicts Alzheimer's disease.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) -the most common form of dementia- begins with mild memory loss and gradually progresses, eventually resulting in a generaliz...

Acceleration of chemical shift encoding-based water-fat imaging for pancreatic proton density fat fraction mapping in a single breath-hold: Data from the LION study.

PURPOSE: With the rising prevalence of obesity and metabolic syndrome, there is an increasing need for noninvasive quantification of pancreatic fat as...

Plasma metabolomics identifies lipid mediators linking depression and cognitive decline in late-life depression.

BACKGROUND: Late-life depression (LLD) features recurrent episodes and frequently co-exists with cognitive impairment, which predicts worse outcomes a...

Evaluating the efficacy and diagnostic reliability of computer vision artificial intelligence algorithm in automating anatomical classification for second-trimester fetal anomaly ultrasound scans: A prospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic accuracy and workflow efficiency of BioticsAI-anatomyUNet-0.1-2022 software in identifying 18 standard fetal ana...

Shared inflammation in takotsubo syndrome and sepsis: Lipocalin-2 mediates neutrophil infiltration and cardiac damage.

BACKGROUND: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) and sepsis often co-occur with poor outcomes, yet their underlying molecular mechanisms remain to be elucidated. ...

Geroscience insights into difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis: the role of unhealthy aging, comorbidity, and therapeutic complexity.

Difficult-to-treat rheumatoid arthritis (D2T RA) is an emerging challenge in aging populations, where disease persistence and therapeutic failure ofte...

Integrating Genomic Data and Imaging in Lung Cancer Prediction Using a Hybrid Deep Learning Approach.

OBJECTIVES: Lung cancer remains one of the leading causes of cancer-related mortality worldwide, underscoring the urgent need for improved diagnostic ...