Oncology/Hematology

Alternative splicing in cancer drug resistance: Mechanisms and therapeutic prospects (Review).

Alternative splicing (AS) is one of the principal mechanisms of post‑transcriptional regulation that confers transcriptomic plasticity and proteomic diversity in cancer, thereby enabling tumor adaptation to therapeutic pressure. However, two obstacles impede the translation of these findings into clinical benefit: The absence of systematic functional annotation of the numerous splice variants asso...

The global epidemiology of acute myeloid leukaemia.

Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is an aggressive haematological malignancy with an incidence that increases with age and varies widely across regions owing to differences in risk factors, diagnostic capabilities, recording in cancer registries and access to health care. Despite improved outcomes over the past decade owing to the approvals of various novel therapies as well as improvements in support...

Unraveling the microbiome's role in breast cancer progression and treatment response.

The human microbiome, encompassing microbial communities in the gut and breast tissue, has emerged as a critical modulator of breast cancer (BC) initi...

Toward Scalable Electromyography in Oncology: A Narrative Review of Normalization Challenges and Machine Learning Innovations.

OBJECTIVES: Electromyography (EMG) is increasingly applied in oncology to monitor neuromuscular impairment, treatment toxicities, and rehabilitation o...

Developing and Validating a Prediction Model for the Severe Pain-Fatigue-Sleep Disturbance Symptom Cluster in Patients with Lung Cancer Following Chemotherapy: A Machine Learning Analysis.

OBJECTIVES: Pain-fatigue-sleep disturbance symptom (PFS) cluster is the most common symptom cluster in patients with lung cancer following chemotherap...

Development of a lactylation-related molecular classification and machine learning-based gene signature to predict survival, response to immunotherapy for ovarian cancer.

BACKGROUND: Lactylation is acknowledged as a regulator of numerous biological processes related to cancer. Research on the ability of lactylation-rela...

A comparative study of computer vision models for oral cancer detection from oral photographs.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Early detection of oral cavity cancers is critical for improving patient survival rates and treatment efficacy. In this cont...

Artificial intelligence and multi-omics integration in liquid biopsy for genitourinary cancers: a systematic scoping review.

BACKGROUND: Liquid biopsy, combined with multi-omics profiling and artificial intelligence (AI), offers a minimally invasive strategy for cancer detec...

Morphologic Evaluation of Hyperchromatic Crowded Groups Present in Cervical Thin Prep Cytology Tests as Identified by the Hologic Genius Digital Diagnostics System: A Descriptive Study.

BACKGROUND: Our descriptive study focused on morphologic characteristics of hyperchromatic crowded groups (HCGs) in ThinPrep cervical cytology tests w...

Time and temporality in machine learning methods to improve cancer clinical decision support: A literature review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic literature review explores how temporal and time-related dimensions are incorporated into Machine Learning (ML) models used...

Advancing CNS tumor diagnostics with expanded DNA methylation-based classification.

DNA methylation-based classification is now central to contemporary neuro-oncology, as highlighted by the World Health Organization (WHO) classificati...

Precision treatment with artificial intelligence assisted subtyping enhances therapeutic efficacy in HR+/HER2- breast cancer: The LINUXtrial.

We report the results of LINUX (NCT05594095), a multicenter, randomized, controlled phase II platform trial aiming to identify effective precision tre...

Application of machine learning to create a prediction model for the need of aggressive nutritional intervention during head & neck cancer radiotherapy.

BACKGROUND: Curative-intent radiotherapy (RT) or chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) frequently leads to mucosit...

Integrated m6A reader network in acute myeloid leukemia: prognostic modeling, immune modulation, and functional validation of YTHDF3.

Emerging evidence highlights RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modifications as pivotal regulators of tumorigenesis, yet the synergistic roles of m6A reade...

Machine learning models for predicting response to epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors in non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Predicting clinical and radiological outcomes of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in patients with ...

Machine Learning for Classification in Lung Cancer Using Routine Clinical and Laboratory Data.

BACKGROUND: Accurate pathological classification of lung cancer is essential for informing treatment strategies. However, invasive biopsy procedures a...

Mechanistic insights into marine-derived PDE6D inhibitors disrupting prenyl-binding to modulate leukemia-associated RAS trafficking.

Leukemia is a significant clinical issue, and some of its subtypes are characterized by dysregulated prenylation-dependent signaling that contributes ...

Raman imaging uncovers Ebracteolatain A's subtype-selective metabolic reprogramming in luminal versus triple-negative breast cancer cells.

Ebracteolatain A (EA), a potential anti-cancer agent, has demonstrated efficacy against breast cancer through protein kinase D1 inhibition. However, i...

Cross-modality fusion of hematology-based digital and molecular biomarkers for intelligent epidemiological screening and surveillance of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Early detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains a critical challenge due to the disease's complexity and the limitations of current screenin...

Artificial intelligence diagnostics for bladder tumor identification and grade prediction depend on narrow band imaging cystoscopy.

The effective treatment of bladder cancer depends on early evaluation through cystoscopy. Given the clinical importance of distinguishing the tumor gr...