Ophthalmology

Machine learning-based identification of a metabolic cell death gene signature for assessing disease activity and immunological landscape in inflammatory bowel disease.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is characterized by a refractory, relapsing inflammatory state driven by a multifaceted and poorly understood interplay between host mucosal metabolic disturbances and immune microenvironment dysregulation. To uncover robust non-invasive diagnostic indicators, this study implemented an integrated analytical framework combining advanced machine learning feature sele...

Hybrid fusion of E-nose and computer vision using optimized deep learning and machine learning for robust plant leaf recognition.

The fusion multi-sensory system with optimized deep learning and machine learning algorithms appeared to synergize difficult paradigms in precision agriculture and boost recognition of various plant species. In this study, an electronic nose (E-nose) system with eight MOS sensors and a computer vision platform were designed for constructing a large-scale data set of 26 various species of plant lea...

An ensemble of deep learning models with falcon optimization assisted diabetic retinopathy diagnosis on retinal fundus images.

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a prominent results of diabetes mellitus that causes abnormalities lesions in retina. If not identified at early, it may ...

The diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted diabetic retinopathy screening in primary care: a prospective validation study.

OBJECTIVES: This study investigated the diagnostic accuracy of AI-assisted diabetic retinopathy screening in primary care, using ophthalmologist-led s...

DMRNet: a dynamic multi-scale residual network for Shamrock view and lumbar plexus segmentation.

Lumbar plexus block (LPB) is a regional anesthesia technique widely used for hip and knee surgeries. However, despite the assistance of ultrasound gui...

RAPT: Retrieval-Augmented Visual Prompting with Text-Guidance for Pathological Image Classification.

Explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) is increasingly important for computational pathology, where reliable and interpretable predictions are requ...

Quantitative prediction of siRNA complexation by ionizable drugs enables their codelivery in nanoparticles.

The ionizable lipid in lipid nanoparticles can be replaced with ionizable drugs to encapsulate small interfering RNA (siRNA) and allow intracellular c...

Predicting the Onset of Myopia in Children and Adolescents Using Artificial Intelligence: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) models have been used to predict myopia onset, but results are inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-...

Multifunctional Bioengineered Scaffolds and Adjunct Therapeutic Strategies for Diabetic Foot Ulcers.

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are chronic, non-healing wounds that affect up to 34% of diabetic patients. DFUs are complicated by infection in nearly 60...

Multiagent First-Person Perspective Analysis for Leadership Assessment in Pediatric Emergency Simulations: A Feasibility Study.

BACKGROUND: Conventional leadership assessments provide structured ratings but offer limited observer-independent metrics. Because leadership and team...

What can we learn from eye movements in movement disorders and Parkinson's disease?

PURPOSE: Studies of eye movements have evolved from clinical phenomenology to a probe of neural circuitry, cognition, and behavior offering a powerful...

ReflectoRNN: AI-Enabled In-Operando Optical Reflectometry for Evolving Materials Using a Recurrent Neural Network.

Complex refractive indices of materials encode fundamental information on light-matter interactions and are critical for the design of advanced photon...

The Role of Rating Valence in AI Skin Cancer App Acceptance: Eye-Tracking and Questionnaire Study.

BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based skin cancer screening apps (AISCSAs) offer diagnostic potential but face limited adoption. App store cues, s...

[Optical Coherence Tomography - State of the Art, Case Examples and Future Perspectives].

Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an essential imaging modality in modern ophthalmology, enabling high-resolution visualization of retinal microst...

Identification of Novel Diagnostic Biomarkers and Host-Directed Drug Screening for Mycobacterium avium Infection: A Multi-Omics and Artificial Intelligence Study.

OBJECTIVE: The rising incidence of Mycobacterium avium (MAV) infection poses significant challenges due to diagnostic delays and refractory treatment....

What is truly evidence-based in pterygium? An umbrella review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

PURPOSE: To synthesize and critically appraise evidence from systematic reviews and meta-analyses on pterygium, identifying domains with robust suppor...

Swin-DRNet: A robust transformer framework for diabetic retinopathy screening under heterogeneous imaging conditions.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) has been known as one of the leading preventable causes of vision impairment globally and requires automated screening syste...

Enhancing the detection of visual-cognitive disruptions in automated dyslexia diagnosis using viscoelastic constitutive artificial neural networks for eye movement analysis.

PURPOSE: Dyslexia can be assessed using eye-tracking technology to monitor reading patterns, but challenges persist in distinguishing dyslexia-specifi...

[Prioritizing the development of clinical low vision rehabilitation institutions].

Low vision rehabilitation is an indispensable and integral part of the national eye health initiative, and it is directly related to the quality of li...

[Research progress in diagnostic key points of pediatric pathological myopia].

Pathological myopia has become one of the leading causes of irreversible blinding eye disease in China, yet its early diagnosis, especially in childre...