Ophthalmology

Enhancing Early Diabetic Retinopathy Detection through Synthetic DR1 Image Generation: A StyleGAN3 Approach

Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of preventable blindness. Early detection at the DR1 stage is critical but is hindered by a scarcity of high-quality fundus images. This study uses StyleGAN3 to generate synthetic DR1 images characterized by microaneurysms with high fidelity and diversity. The aim is to address data scarcity and enhance the performance of supervised classifiers. A dat...

Hierarchical Vision-Language Alignment for Text-to-Image Generation via Diffusion Models

Text-to-image generation has witnessed significant advancements with the integration of Large Vision-Language Models (LVLMs), yet challenges remain in aligning complex textual descriptions with high-quality, visually coherent images. This paper introduces the Vision-Language Aligned Diffusion (VLAD) model, a generative framework that addresses these challenges through a dual-stream strategy comb...

Scale-wise Bidirectional Alignment Network for Referring Remote Sensing Image Segmentation

The goal of referring remote sensing image segmentation (RRSIS) is to extract specific pixel-level regions within an aerial image via a natural lang...

IllusionBench: A Large-scale and Comprehensive Benchmark for Visual Illusion Understanding in Vision-Language Models

Current Visual Language Models (VLMs) show impressive image understanding but struggle with visual illusions, especially in real-world scenarios. Ex...

Adapting Clinical Ethics Consultations to Address Ethical Issues of Artificial Intelligence.

AbstractAs artificial intelligence (AI) becomes increasingly incorporated into the workflow of clinical practice, it will raise numerous ethical issue...

The taming of sociodigital anticipations: AI in the digital welfare state.

Advanced algorithmic technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) are projected to profoundly impact public employment services (PES) and the deliver...

Performing the HINTS-exam using a mixed-reality head-mounted display in patients with acute vestibular syndrome: a feasibility study.

BACKGROUND: In patients with acute vestibular syndrome (AVS) differentiating between benign acute peripheral vestibular disorders and possible life-th...

Human creativity versus artificial intelligence: source attribution, observer attitudes, and eye movements while viewing visual art.

INTRODUCTION: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the capability to create visual images with minimal human input, a technology that is being applied to ...

Development and evaluation of machine learning models for individualized prediction of myopia control efficacy treated with overnight orthokeratology.

PURPOSE: The primary objective of this study is to develop a predictive model utilizing fundamental clinical and ocular measurements to predict the ef...

Artificial intelligence in ophthalmology: opportunities, challenges, and ethical considerations.

BACKGROUND: By leveraging the imaging-rich nature of ophthalmology and optometry, artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming the vision scie...

Global trends and hotspots in artificial intelligence for high myopia: a bibliometric analysis.

PURPOSE: This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis of global publications on the application of artificial intelligence (AI) in high myopia (...

Leveraging molecular-QTL co-association to predict novel disease-associated genetic loci using a graph convolutional neural network.

Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have successfully uncovered numerous associations between genetic variants and disease traits to date. Yet, ide...

Effects of neighborhood streetscape on the single-family housing price: Focusing on nonlinear and interaction effects using interpretable machine learning.

Previous studies using the conventional Hedonic Price Model to predict existing housing prices may have limitations in addressing the relationship bet...

SMART (artificial intelligence enabled) DROP (diabetic retinopathy outcomes and pathways): Study protocol for diabetic retinopathy management.

INTRODUCTION: Delayed diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains a significant challenge, often leading to preventable blindness and visual impair...

Prediction of vaults in eyes with vertical implantable collamer lens implantation.

PURPOSE: To design formulas for predicting postoperative vaults in vertical implantable collamer lens (ICL) implantation and to achieve more precise p...

Classifying Mouse RPE Morphometric Heterogeneity Using REShAPE: An AI-Based Image Analysis Tool.

Retinal degenerative diseases caused by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction affect specific areas of the retina. Regions of molecular and phe...

Artificial Intelligence-Assisted Matching of Human Postmortem Donors to Ocular Research Projects.

The scarcity of human ocular samples with short postmortem intervals (PMIs) is a significant issue in ophthalmic research and drug discovery. A contri...

Intelligent Control to Suppress Epileptic Seizures in the Amygdala: In Silico Investigation Using a Network of Izhikevich Neurons.

Closed-loop electricalstimulation of brain structures is one of the most promising techniques to suppress epileptic seizures in drug-resistant refract...

[Primary angle closure suspects: application of machine learning method for substantiation of close monitoring].

UNLABELLED: One of the priority areas in healthcare is the concept of predictive, preventive and personalized medicine, which is based on an individua...

[Application of neural networks for improving the methods of assessment of corneal nerve fibers (preliminary report)].

UNLABELLED: Processing large datasets using artificial intelligence is a promising approach in disease diagnosis and monitoring that focuses on improv...