Orthopedics

Artificial intelligence and surgical innovation: lower limb arthroplasty.

The number of patients requiring hip and knee arthroplasty continues to rise each year. Patients are living longer and expecting to remain active into later life following joint replacement. Developments in computer-assisted surgery and robotic technology may optimise surgical outcomes and patient satisfaction following lower limb arthroplasty. The use of artificial intelligence in healthcare is r...

Ovoid Foramen Magnum Shape is Associated with Increased Complications and Decreased Extent of Resection for Anterolateral Foramen Magnum Meningiomas.

 Antero-laterally located meningiomas of the foramen magnum (FM) pose significant surgical resection challenges. The effect of FM shape on surgical resection of FM meningiomas has not been previously studied. The present study investigates how FM shape effects the extent of tumor resection and complication rates in antero-lateral FM meningiomas.  This retrospective study included 16 consecutive ...

Evaluation of jaw bone density and morphology in bruxers using panoramic radiography.

BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Bruxism affects the stomatognathic system and causes tissue damage by the excessive jaw movements. The purpose of this study was t...

Important Tools for Use by Pediatric Endocrinologists in the Assessment of Short Stature.

Assessment and management of children with growth failure has improved greatly over recent years. However, there remains a strong potential for furthe...

Opportunistic osteoporosis screening in multi-detector CT images using deep convolutional neural networks.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the application of deep learning in patients with primary osteoporosis, and to develop a fully automatic method based on deep co...

Recognition of Non-Manual Content in Continuous Japanese Sign Language.

The quality of recognition systems for continuous utterances in signed languages could be largely advanced within the last years. However, research ef...

Temporal Trends in Cervical Spine Curvature of South Korean Adults Assessed by Deep Learning System Segmentation, 2006-2018.

IMPORTANCE: The loss of the physiologic cervical lordotic curve is a common degenerative disorder known to be associated with abnormal spinal alignmen...

Deep-learning-based enhanced optic-disc photography.

Optic-disc photography (ODP) has proven to be very useful for optic nerve evaluation in glaucoma. In real clinical practice, however, limited patient ...

Improving Quantitative Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Deep Learning.

Deep learning methods have shown promising results for accelerating quantitative musculoskeletal (MSK) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for T2 and T1ρ...

The impact of robot-assisted spine surgeries on clinical outcomes: A systemic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Medical robotics has enabled a significant advancement in the field of modern spine surgery, especially in pedicle screw fixation. A pleth...

Bone age assessment based on deep convolution neural network incorporated with segmentation.

PURPOSE: Bone age assessment is not only an important means of assessing maturity of adolescents, but also plays an indispensable role in the fields o...

The optimisation of deep neural networks for segmenting multiple knee joint tissues from MRIs.

Automated semantic segmentation of multiple knee joint tissues is desirable to allow faster and more reliable analysis of large datasets and to enable...

Deep Learning in Gait Parameter Prediction for OA and TKA Patients Wearing IMU Sensors.

Quantitative assessments of patient movement quality in osteoarthritis (OA), specifically spatiotemporal gait parameters (STGPs), can provide in-depth...

Automated rotator cuff tear classification using 3D convolutional neural network.

Rotator cuff tear (RCT) is one of the most common shoulder injuries. When diagnosing RCT, skilled orthopedists visually interpret magnetic resonance i...

Safety and accuracy of robot-assisted placement of pedicle screws compared to conventional free-hand technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The introduction and integration of robot technology into modern spine surgery provides surgeons with millimeter accuracy for pedi...

Identification of risk features for complication in Gaucher's disease patients: a machine learning analysis of the Spanish registry of Gaucher disease.

BACKGROUND: Since enzyme replacement therapy for Gaucher disease (MIM#230800) has become available, both awareness of and the natural history of the d...

The utility of a deep learning-based algorithm for bone scintigraphy in patient with prostate cancer.

OBJECTIVE: Bone scintigraphy has often been used to evaluate bone metastases. Its functionality is evident in detecting bone metastasis in patients wi...

Enabling early detection of osteoarthritis from presymptomatic cartilage texture maps via transport-based learning.

Many diseases have no visual cues in the early stages, eluding image-based detection. Today, osteoarthritis (OA) is detected after bone damage has occ...

Fully automated body composition analysis in routine CT imaging using 3D semantic segmentation convolutional neural networks.

OBJECTIVES: Body tissue composition is a long-known biomarker with high diagnostic and prognostic value not only in cardiovascular, oncological, and o...

Artificial Intelligence and Deep Learning in Neuroradiology: Exploring the New Frontier.

There have been many recently published studies exploring machine learning (ML) and deep learning applications within neuroradiology. The improvement ...