Orthopedics

Iterative fully convolutional neural networks for automatic vertebra segmentation and identification.

Precise segmentation and anatomical identification of the vertebrae provides the basis for automatic analysis of the spine, such as detection of vertebral compression fractures or other abnormalities. Most dedicated spine CT and MR scans as well as scans of the chest, abdomen or neck cover only part of the spine. Segmentation and identification should therefore not rely on the visibility of certai...

Deep learning and SURF for automated classification and detection of calcaneus fractures in CT images.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The calcaneus is the most fracture-prone tarsal bone and injuries to the surrounding tissue are some of the most difficult to treat. Currently there is a lack of consensus on treatment or interpretation of computed tomography (CT) images for calcaneus fractures. This study proposes a novel computer-assisted method for automated classification and detection of fracture lo...

The Effect of the Prethanol Extract of Trifolium pratense Leaves on Interleukin-1β-Induced Cartilage Matrix Degradation in Primary Rat Chondrocytes.

BACKGROUND: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, characterized by cartilage degradation and inflammation. The proinflammatory cytokine...

Machine learning for prediction of sustained opioid prescription after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion.

BACKGROUND CONTEXT: The severity of the opioid epidemic has increased scrutiny of opioid prescribing practices. Spine surgery is a high-risk episode f...

A decision support tool for early detection of knee OsteoArthritis using X-ray imaging and machine learning: Data from the OsteoArthritis Initiative.

This paper presents a fully developed computer aided diagnosis (CAD) system for early knee OsteoArthritis (OA) detection using knee X-ray imaging and ...

A Deep Learning Algorithm to Quantify Neuroretinal Rim Loss From Optic Disc Photographs.

PURPOSE: To train a deep learning (DL) algorithm that quantifies glaucomatous neuroretinal damage on fundus photographs using the minimum rim width re...

Association Between Net Vertebral Artery Flow Volume and Non-AF Stroke: A Retrospective 2-Year Analysis.

Association between net vertebral artery flow volume (NVAFV) and stroke types remains unclear. We hypothesize NVAFV is low in patients with posterior...

MRI-based attenuation correction for brain PET/MRI based on anatomic signature and machine learning.

Deriving accurate attenuation maps for PET/MRI remains a challenging problem because MRI voxel intensities are not related to properties of photon att...

Prevalence of Vitamin D Inadequacy Among Chinese Postmenopausal Women: A Nationwide, Multicenter, Cross-Sectional Study.

We aimed to investigate the status of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] among Chinese postmenopausal women in a multicenter cross-sectional study. ...

Accuracy of robot-assisted versus optical frameless navigated stereoelectroencephalography electrode placement in children.

OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to compare the accuracy of optical frameless neuronavigation (ON) and robot-assisted (RA) stereoelectroencephalogr...

High throughput automated detection of axial malformations in Medaka embryo.

Fish embryo models are widely used as screening tools to assess the efficacy and/or toxicity of chemicals. This assessment involves the analysis of em...

Myoelectric control algorithm for robot-assisted therapy: a hardware-in-the-loop simulation study.

BACKGROUND: A direct blow to the knee is one way to injure the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL), e.g., during a football or traffic accident. Robot-as...

Clinical Significance of Preoperative Embolization for Non-Hypervascular Metastatic Spine Tumors.

OBJECTIVE: The efficacy of preoperative embolization for hypervascular metastatic spine disease (MSD) such as renal cell and thyroid cancers has been ...

Effects of Fermentation on the Ca Release and Antioxidative Properties of Sheep Bone Hydrolysate.

Both the calcium and collagen in bone powder are hard to be absorbed by the body. Although enzymatic hydrolysis by protease increased the bio-availabi...

Adult Idiopathic Renal Fanconi Syndrome: A Case Report.

Renal Fanconi syndrome (RFS) is caused by generalized proximal tubular dysfunction and can be divided into hereditary and acquired form. Adult-onset R...

Synthesis of Ag/AgCl modified anhydrous basic bismuth nitrate from BiOCl and the antibacterial activity.

Novel nanocomposite of Ag/AgCl and a single phase of anhydrous basic bismuth nitrate (ABBN)-BiO(OH)(NO) with efficient antibacterial activity was prep...

Combined effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 and low level laser irradiation on bisphosphonate-treated osteoblasts.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the synergic effect of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) and low-level la...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning Algorithm After Primary Total Hip Arthroplasty: Applications to Length of Stay and Payment Models.

BACKGROUND: Value-based payment programs in orthopedics, specifically primary total hip arthroplasty (THA), present opportunities to apply forecasting...

Local Infiltration Analgesia With Liposomal Bupivacaine Improves Early Outcomes After Total Knee Arthroplasty: 24-Hour Data From the PILLAR Study.

BACKGROUND: Enhanced postoperative care pathways have shifted total knee arthroplasty (TKA) to outpatient and short-stay settings, placing greater emp...

Total Knee Arthroplasty Is Safe and Successful in Patients With Klippel-Trénaunay Syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Klippel-Trénaunay syndrome (KTS) is a severe vascular malformation that can lead to hypertrophic osteoarthritis. Total knee arthroplasty (...