Orthopedics

Gait analysis in degenerative lumbar spine diseases: clinical applications, biomarkers, and emerging technologies - a systematic review.

PURPOSE: This systematic review synthesizes current evidence on gait analysis as a diagnostic and prognostic tool for degenerative lumbar spine diseases (DLSD), evaluates the clinical utility of specific gait parameters as biomarkers, and identifies emerging technologies enabling scalable, accessible clinical implementation. METHODS: A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, E...

Bone marrow CCR3 dictates eosinophil lineage commitment of CD34⁺ progenitors to orchestrate allergic rhinitis: A composite study.

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a common Th2-mediated inflammatory disease of the nasal mucosa, in which eosinophils serve as pivotal effector cells. The CCR3 receptor, specific for eotaxin, plays a critical role in allergic inflammation. However, the role of CCR3 in the differentiation of bone marrow CD34 ⁺ progenitor cells into eosinophils and its contribution to AR pathogenesis remains in...

Transformation of trauma and orthopaedics across the six industrial revolutions: from mechanization to artificial intelligence applications in enhancing patient care.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Technological innovation has played a pivotal role in shaping trauma and orthopaedic surgery. This narrative review examines t...

Road networks facilitate invasive dominance by squeezing native mesopredators into niche margins.

Transport infrastructure is expanding rapidly, creating escalating biodiversity impacts that demand management solutions beyond conventional road engi...

Development and multi-institutional validation of a deep learning algorithm for predicting cervical cord compression using dynamic cervical lateral radiographs.

Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for diagnosing degenerative cervical myelopathy (DCM), its cost and limited availabilit...

Association between visceral adiposity index and delayed union/nonunion after tibial or femoral shaft fractures: a single-center retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Delayed union and nonunion remain clinically important complications after tibial and femoral shaft fractures. Although traditional risk f...

Development of an automated landmarking tool for the femur in dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans using contour-based image analysis.

Osteoporosis is a skeletal disease that significantly increases fracture risk and imposes a growing public health and economic burden. Notably, hip fr...

Next Generation Digital Morphology: Blast Preclassification in Bone Marrow Aspirates.

INTRODUCTION: Morphologic evaluation of peripheral blood (PB) smears and bone marrow aspirates (BMA) remains central to the diagnosis of acute leukemi...

Estimation of population affinity from computed tomography-derived pelvic measurements: a comparative study of Indonesian and Japanese population samples.

Population affinity estimation is a core component of forensic anthropology, particularly in cases where DNA, dental records, and fingerprint evidence...

From diagnostic labels to radiology reports: a unified multi-modal framework for lesion detection and segmentation.

Deep learning-based vision models are playing an increasingly pivotal role in clinical diagnosis and treatment.However, existing approaches predominan...

Body composition radiomics integrated with machine learning to predict prognosis in advanced NSCLC treated with first-line immunochemotherapy and concurrent radiotherapy.

OBJECTIVE: Adipose tissue is a highly heterogeneous and plastic endocrine and immune organ whose characteristics have been linked to prognosis in NSCL...

Machine learning-driven QSAR modeling combined with single cell transcriptomics identifies novel drug targets for lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is a leading cause of cancer-related mortality, largely due to frequent metastasis to the brain and bon...

A bioinspired hybrid robotic joint for safer physical human-robot interaction.

In many robotic applications, such as humanoids, wearable robots or supernumerary limbs, there is a growing shift from rigid, traditional mechanisms t...

AI-derived bone mineral density from standard radiographs compared with DXA for fracture prediction in a 10-year real-world cohort study.

UNLABELLED: AI-derived bone mineral density from routine radiographs showed strong agreement with DXA and comparable ability to predict incident fract...

Toward Cost-efficient Adaptive Clinical Trials in Knee Osteoarthritis with Reinforcement Learning.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal disease, with knee OA (KOA) being one of the leading causes of disability and a significant eco...

From Intradiscal Pressure to Multimodal Estimation of Lumbar Spinal Loads.

BACKGROUND: Estimation of lumbar spinal loads is important for understanding low back pain, guiding ergonomic interventions, and informing surgical an...

Wearable sensor technology and machine learning for anterior cruciate ligament injury diagnosis: an exploratory feasibility study.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the feasibility of using wearable inertial measurement units (IMUs; small body-worn sensors that capture linear acceleration a...

Automated detection of marginal bone loss levels in implant brands using deep learning on periapical radiographs.

BACKGROUND: In contemporary dental practice, implants are the standard solution for edentulism. However, the wide variety of implant brands and the pr...

Simulated tears of antero-posterior rotator cuff force-couple and reduced glenoid concavity decrease anterior glenohumeral stability: a robot-assisted biomechanical analysis of a load and shift sequence.

BACKROUND: The glenoid concavity and the compression applied by the rotator cuff (RC) are essential for glenohumeral stability (GHS). This study aimed...

A joint pilot optimization and channel estimation algorithm based on CBAM-CNN for multipath fading environments in underground coal mines.

Accurate channel estimation in underground coal mine orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems remains challenging due to severe multi...