Orthopedics

Role of MRI-based synthetic CT and low-dose CT for the assessment of structural damage in axial spondyloarthritis - a review.

Structural lesions, including erosions, sclerosis, and pathological new bone formation, are key features of disease progression in axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) and are associated with irreversible functional impairment. Reliable imaging methods are therefore essential for accurate assessment and monitoring. Radiography remains the recommended method for evaluating structural damage; however, it...

Improvement of an autoencoder network for jointly information transfer by RIS and transmitter.

This paper proposes an autoencoder (AE)-based deep learning (DL) framework for reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)-assisted wireless communication systems. In this framework, RIS transmits information through its passive reflecting elements. In wireless networks, RIS reflects incident signals toward the receiver by adjusting the phase shifts of their passive elements. They also need to suppor...

Personalized learning path recommendation for middle school students based on joint optimization of deep reinforcement learning and knowledge tracing.

The rapid advancement of personalized education has created an urgent need for intelligent learning path recommendation systems that can dynamically a...

A robust, high-content NAM for repeatable and predictive developmental and reproductive toxicity assessment in C. elegans.

Developmental and reproductive toxicity (DART) assessment is essential for product safety evaluation but relies heavily on vertebrate models that are ...

Evaluation of AI developed for rib fracture detection in identifying vertebral fractures on abdominal CT.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the performance of an AI algorithm originally developed for rib fracture detection in identifying vertebral fractures on abdomina...

The diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence in detecting foot and ankle fractures: a systematic review and meta-analysis of diagnostic test accuracy.

INTRODUCTION: Foot and ankle fractures, including radiographically subtle or occult injuries, present a diagnostic challenge in emergency settings, wi...

Knee-specific bone quality assessment for cementless total knee arthroplasty candidate selection: a narrative review.

Cementless total knee arthroplasty (TKA) has regained attention in younger, active, and obese patients, supported by advances in implant design, porou...

High temperature Nb-Si alloys using data science: optimization of fracture toughness and high-temperature strength.

High temperature Nb-Si based alloys face a critical challenge: achieving adequate room-temperature fracture toughness ( > 18 MPa·m1/2) for processing ...

Structure-aware fatigue modeling in foot deformities: A digital health framework for tissue-specific running injury risk prediction using multi-modal data.

Hallux Valgus (HV) is a common deformity in runners that reflects altered foot morphology and thereby redistributes mechanical loads along the lower l...

Miscorrection in coronal plane osteotomies around the knee-Current concepts.

This review seeks to clarify and enhance our current understanding around miscorrection following osteotomy surgery around the knee. Whilst many of th...

A medium-density EMG system for real-time proportional and simultaneous neuroprosthetic hand control using lightweight neural networks.

OBJECTIVE: Restoring intuitive and natural hand control remains a key challenge in neuroprosthetics. A promising approach is to decode continuous fing...

Automated scoliosis X-ray cobb angle classification: a deep learning approach with RadImageNet.

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective Cohort Study OBJECTIVE: Biplanar full-body X-ray imaging is a low-dose, high-resolution technology crucial for assessing s...

Neural Network-Driven Finite Element Modeling for Estimating Knee Joint Cartilage Mechanical Responses.

Low-fidelity, artificial intelligence (AI)-generated approaches are increasingly used to estimate kinematics and kinetics of human movement, which are...

AI-Based Segmental Volumetry of the Downstream Aorta in Aortic Dissection: End-to-End Versus Hybrid Strategies.

Automated segmental volumetry is effective for aortic dissection surveillance but lacks standardization. This study aimed to identify the optimal deep...

Large Language Models in Preclinical Spine Research: A Scoping Review and Expert Perspective on Evidence-Aware Experimental Workflows.

BACKGROUND: Preclinical spine research is limited by heterogeneous experimental reporting, fragmented documentation, and barriers to reproducibility a...

A method for early ultrasound classification of developmental dysplasia of the hip in infants: combining YOLOv8-based keypoint detection with radiomics.

This study introduces an innovative method for early ultrasound classification of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH) in infants, integrating key...

Artificial intelligence in shoulder arthroplasty: latest concepts and clinical integration.

BACKGROUND: Recent advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have redefined shoulder arthroplasty, ultimately improving diagnostic accuracy, refining s...

Accuracy of automated segmentation of gluteus and paraspinal muscles in patients with hip osteoarthritis using TotalSegmentator in 3Dslicer.

BACKGROUND: Muscle atrophy is prevalent among patients with hip osteoarthritis, yet quantitative assessment of the peri-hip muscles remains challengin...

Biokinetic insights into the hip-spine relationship: no correlation between hip strength or flexibility and altered pelvic motion in patients with low back pain.

PURPOSE: The spine and hips are biomechanically interconnected, and disorders affecting both are often categorized under hip-spine syndrome. This stud...

Maxillary Anterior Horizontal Ridge Reconstruction using Computer-Guided Ridge Split and Expansion: A Randomized Clinical Trial with a 2-Year Follow-up.

OBJECTIVES: This randomized clinical study aimed to assess implant placement accuracy and radiographic outcomes of computer-guided versus freehand rid...