Orthopedics

Dosimetry Analysis of 177Lu-PSMA-I&T in Patients with Low-Volume Oligometastatic Hormone-Sensitive Prostate Cancer: A Secondary Analysis of the LUNAR Trial.

The phase 2 LUNAR trial randomized (1:1) patients with oligorecurrent hormone-sensitive prostate cancer to neoadjuvant [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T (2 cycles, 6.8 GBq) followed by stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) versus SBRT alone. [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-I&T before SBRT was well tolerated and significantly improved PSMA PET/CT-based progression-free survival compared with SBRT alone. Here, we report the estima...

Retinal vascular phenotyping for early detection of coronary artery disease: quantitative assessment and diagnostic modelling.

OBJECTIVES: To investigate the association between quantitative retinal vascular parameters and coronary artery disease (CAD) and to evaluate the efficacy of a retinal phenotype-based diagnostic model as a non-invasive tool for early CAD screening. DESIGN: A retrospective cross-sectional study. SETTING: A single-centre study conducted at the Cardiovascular Center of Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capit...

Cardiac myofibril networks induce shear stress.

Myofibril arrangement is critical to cardiac muscle function in health and disease. Historically, analysis of the impact of myofibril organisation on ...

Automated Detection and Classification of Radiology Report Discrepancies Using NLP: A Tool for Resident Education and Quality Assurance.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a natural language processing (NLP) system that automatically detects and classifies discre...

Explainable machine learning to predict muscle loss during radiotherapy for oral cavity cancer.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Muscle loss during adjuvant radiotherapy is associated with poor survival outcomes in patients with oral cavity cancer (OCC). ...

Large language models in artificial intelligence to answer patient questions in spine surgery: an evaluation of current evidence.

INTRODUCTION: Large language models (LLMs) are increasingly being explored in healthcare, particularly for enhancing patient education. In spine surge...

Current applications and challenges of artificial intelligence applied to diagnostics in pediatric musculoskeletal imaging.

The use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pediatric musculoskeletal imaging has undergone significant expansion over the past few years. Until recent...

Comparative performance of LLMs and machine learning in predicting complications after percutaneous kyphoplasty for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Exploring large language models (LLMs) performance in the specific medical domain can help understand their generalizability in real-world application...

Assistive Control of Knee Exoskeletons for Human Walking on Sandy Terrain.

Human walkers encounter diverse terrains such as sand and solid ground, which result in distinct gait locomotion and energy costs. This study aims to ...

Detection and Classification of Peri-Implant Marginal Bone Loss in Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Using a Deep Learning Approach.

OBJECTIVES: Modern dental implants have high long-term survival, but peri-implant marginal bone loss remains a multifactorial cause of implant failure...

Optimization Design and Bending Hysteresis Compensation of a Flexible Ureteroscopy Robot.

BACKGROUND: Ureteroscopic lithotripsy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure used to treat kidney stones. It faces challenges like a long learning...

Deep Learning Myocardial Segmentation in 3D Whole-Heart Joint T1/T2 Mapping: Comparison of nnU-Net and MA-SAM.

This study compares two advanced deep learning models, nnU-Net and MA-SAM, for automatic segmentation of the left ventricle (LV) myocardium using 3D w...

CT data harmonization via learned virtual monoenergetic imaging for cross-kV scan translation and radiomics reproducibility.

BACKGROUND: Radiomics extracts quantitative imaging features from computed tomography (CT) data for clinical decision-making. However, variations in a...

Countermovement Jump Force-Time Mechanics Differentiate ACL Injury Status in Elite Alpine Ski Racers.

Biomechanical assessments of stretch-shortening cycle (SSC) movements such as the countermovement jump (CMJ) are used to evaluate neuromuscular functi...

A Numerical Approach to Brace Treatment Prediction by Comprehensive Biomechanical Modeling of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis.

Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) requires effective and personalized brace treatment strategies to prevent progression and the potential need for...

Usefulness of Artificial Intelligence for Surgical Support in Robot-assisted Distal Pancreatectomy: A Preliminary Case Report.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The incidence of postoperative complications in minimally-invasive surgery for pancreatic disease remains a concern. The application o...

Eliminating Nonvalue-Added Tasks in Health Care: Artificial Intelligence in the Orthopedic Office.

PURPOSE: This study examines the efficiency and proof-of-concept use of a generative artificial intelligence (AI) documentation prototype, evaluating ...

Large Language Models in Spine Surgery : A Narrative Review of Performance Paradox and Clinical Integration Challenges.

To provide a narrative synthesis of the performance paradox in large language model (LLM) applications for spine surgery, examining the disparity betw...

AI-assessed sarcopenia as an independent predictor of neoadjuvant chemotherapy outcomes in muscle-invasive bladder cancer.

PURPOSE: Sarcopenia has already been widely investigated as a potential indicator of negative outcomes in oncology patients. Our aim was to evaluate t...

Multi-label Ensemble Model for Knee Joint Anatomy and Lesion Segmentation: Segmentation of Clinical Images With Ensembling, Morphology, and Attention (SCEMA).

PURPOSE: Quantitative MRI analysis holds significant promise for improving the early diagnosis and prognosis of osteoarthritis (OA), where accurate ti...