Pathology

Deep learning-based automatic identification model of main pancreatic duct in intraoperative ultrasonography.

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic enucleation (PE) preserves parenchyma in benign/low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors but risks postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) if the main pancreatic duct (MPD) is injured. Intraoperative ultrasound (IOUS) guides MPD localization, yet its efficacy is limited by operator dependency and expertise gaps. This study developed a deep learning (DL) model for automated MPD ...

ALDH18A1 silencing inhibits lung adenocarcinoma progression through mitochondrial dysfunction and PPAR signaling pathway activation.

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) remains a prevalent malignant tumor characterized by a dismal prognosis. This study aimed to reveal potential mitochondria-related biomarkers and explore possible mechanisms. METHODS: Mitochondria-related differentially expressed genes (mitoDEGs) were identified by intersecting LUAD-associated DEGs with mitochondria-associated genes. Hub mitoDEGs were determi...

Predicting sentinel lymph node metastasis in breast cancer using an interpretable machine learning approach based on multi-domain clinical features.

BACKGROUND: Accurate identification of sentinel lymph node (SLN) status is essential for surgical and adjuvant therapy decisions in breast cancer. Alt...

Magnetically actuated microrobotic system for sequential treatment of biofilm.

Biofilm-associated infections present a critical therapeutic challenge due to antibiotic resistance and impaired tissue healing. Here, we present a mi...

A multimodal deep learning classifier for prediction of HER2-low expression in triple-negative breast cancer.

BACKGROUND: Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive molecular subtype. With the new definition of HER2-low status and the availability o...

Robustness of a neural network approved for skin cancer diagnosis against variations in sequential images.

BACKGROUND: Convolutional neural networks (CNN) for skin cancer classification have shown results comparable to dermatologists but are vulnerable to m...

A Structurally Robust Framework for Intelligent Graphene Thermometry via Few-Shot Transfer Learning and Algorithm-Hardware Co-Design.

While ultrathin graphene sensors hold promise for flexible electronics, their applicability faces a challenging arising from the unavoidable nanoscale...

AI-Assisted Electron Microscopy in Structure-Performance Analysis of Advanced Catalysts: From Atomic Resolution to Statistical Significance.

Electron microscopy provides direct real-space access to the structural heterogeneity of catalysts across multiple length scales. However, its applica...

Efficacy evaluation of artificial intelligence in radiological imaging diagnosis based on randomized controlled trials: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVE: Artificial intelligence (AI) demonstrates significant potential in medical imaging diagnosis, yet its real-world clinical value requires va...

A morphology-guided ViT-CNN approach for the detection of lung and colon cancer using H&E-stained biopsy images.

The accurate categorisation of histopathological images is crucial for the reliable identification of morphologically similar cancers, including lung ...

Artificial intelligence-based prediction of claudin 18.2 expression and immune phenotype from routine histology to guide treatment decisions in patients with gastric cancer.

BACKGROUND: First-line treatment of gastric cancer is evolving with the integration of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents, compli...

Targeting galactose metabolic reprogramming overcomes immunotherapy resistance in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma: Integrative multi-omics and machine learning approaches.

BACKGROUND: KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) is associated with aggressive phenotypes and therapy resistance, which highlights an urgent need to...

Precision lung cancer classification using convolutional neural networks with enhanced image pre-processing and model optimization.

Among various types of cancers, lung cancer causes the highest mortality globally, necessitating prompt diagnosis for effective treatment. Traditional...

A compact texture frequency spatial gating network for oral cancer classification from clinical oral images.

Image-level classification of oral-cavity photographs remains challenging because oral-cancer appearances are heterogeneous and many public datasets l...

Identifying critical period of type 2 diabetes in Chinese population with leading molecules based on dynamic network biomarkers.

Diabetes has become a significant global public health challenge, and prediabetes (preD), as the earliest detectable stage of glucose metabolism disor...

Feasibility of CBCT-based deep learning for predicting 3D soft tissue changes after orthognathic surgery in skeletal class III patients.

This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT)-based deep learning (DL) model for predicting three-dimensional...

Factors associated with delayed diagnosis of fibrotic interstitial lung disease: a retrospective cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Timely diagnosis and treatment of fibrotic interstitial lung disease (ILD) is crucial to preserve lung function and limit healthcare costs...

A multi-scale graph frequency network for structural and functional region analysis in spatial transcriptomics.

Spatial transcriptomics enables the systematic exploration of how gene expression patterns are organized within intact tissues, yet effective analysis...

Diagnostic performance of machine learning models based on dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT semiquantitative parameters for differentiating benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic value of machine learning models based on dual-phase 99mTc-MIBI SPECT/CT semiquantitative parameters for different...

Artificial intelligence-detected HER2 strong-positive tumor proportion predicts FISH positivity and treatment response in breast cancer.

Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies have revolutionized breast cancer treatment, necessitating standardized HER2 testin...