Patient safety / Risk Management

Structure-Function Correlations Using Artificial Intelligence-Extracted Retinal Layer Attenuation Measurements in OCT in Eyes with Geographic Atrophy.

PURPOSE: To investigate the structure-function relationships between retinal layer attenuation on OCT and a range of functional assessments in patients with geographic atrophy (GA). DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of 2 phase III clinical trials. SUBJECTS: One thousand five hundred and nineteen subjects with GA who were enrolled in phase III studies investigating Lampalizumab: Chroma (NCT02247479) a...

Air pollution and autism-like traits: sensitive periods and joint effects of exposure to sources and constituents of fine particulate matter.

Growing evidence suggests that exposure to air pollution during early life is associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, results have been inconsistent for autism-like traits and in low exposure settings. Here, we assessed sensitive windows of exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) and joint effects of exposure to sources and constituents ...

Registered AI Medical-Imaging Clinical Trials on ClinicalTrials.gov: Publication Yield, Predictors, and Portfolio Evolution.

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Although artificial intelligence (AI) clinical trials in medical imaging have grown rapidly, peer-reviewed publication outco...

Trustworthy AI for personalized glycemic control: a systematic review and critical appraisal of multimodal forecasting and safety-critical closed-loop control.

Tight glycemic control reduces acute complications (hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia) and long-term microvascular/macrovascular risks. The application of A...

Effectiveness of Humanized AI Avatars and Messenger Gender for Dental Postprocedure Instructions: Two Randomized Experiments.

BACKGROUND: Postcare instructions play a vital role in preventive health care. Traditionally, information on post-dental procedure care is provided th...

Improving insurance deduction identification: a hybrid artificial intelligence model using machine learning and expert systems.

PURPOSE: Financial challenges in healthcare systems worldwide, especially in low- and middle-income countries like Iran, have increased hospitals' rel...

Author Disclosure of Use of Generative Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Submissions to AJR: Reflections From the AJR Editor in Chief.

From Honorary Authorship to AI-Assisted Writing: Two Challenges to Genuine Scientific Contribution.

The integrity of scientific authorship has long been challenged by practices that obscure the true intellectual contribution behind published research...

Assessing corporate sustainability with large language models: evidence from Europe.

Companies play a crucial role in achieving global sustainability goals, yet evidence on their progress across environmental, social, and governance (E...

OphthoChat: A HIPAA-Compliant, Artificial Intelligence-Driven Natural-Language Chatbot for Ophthalmic Electronic Medical Record Querying and Analysis.

PURPOSE: To introduce and evaluate OphthoChat, a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant, artificial intelligence (AI)‑powered n...

The algorithmic covenant: why AI-driven consent must not replace clinician responsibility.

Health systems are increasingly deploying artificial intelligence (AI) tools to deliver procedural information, generate documentation, and support pa...

Machine Learning-Based Prediction of Strabismus with and without Amblyopia from Fixation Eye Movements.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate whether machine learning (ML) models trained on fixation eye movement (FEM) features can differentiate strabismic amblyopia, st...

Advancing evidence-informed policy: outcomes of the global research agenda on knowledge translation.

BACKGROUND: Knowledge Translation (KT) research investigates methods to promote the uptake of research by practitioners, managers and policy-makers. R...

Value and Credibility of Meta-Analysis: Tutorial on Enhancing Methodological Rigor and AI-Powered Efficiency.

The value of a meta-analysis is based on its methodological and statistical rigor, yet many published systematic reviews and meta-analyses contain sta...

Exploring Ambient Artificial Intelligence to Enhance Learning and Feedback During Operating Room-to-Intensive Care Unit Handoffs: Co-Design and Simulation Study.

BACKGROUND: Operating room (OR)-to-intensive care unit (ICU) handoffs are among the most complex and high-risk communication events in perioperative c...

A Hybrid FMEA-AHP Framework for Risk Prioritization in Nontransparent Artificial Intelligence Systems.

Recent regulation, the EU AI Act and ISO/IEC 42001, requires organizations deploying high-risk artificial intelligence (AI) systems to identify, asses...

Predictive Value of Perilesional Fundus Autofluorescence Patterns and OCT-Based Ellipsoid Zone/Retinal Pigment Epithelium Loss Ratios in Geographic Atrophy Growth Rates.

PURPOSE: To investigate the association between perilesional fundus autofluorescence (FAF) patterns and ellipsoid zone (EZ)/retinal pigment epithelium...

Prognostic models for diabetic kidney disease outcomes: A systematic review.

OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to systematically evaluate the methodological quality and predictive performance of existing prognostic models...

Therapeutic Interaction Features of AI Chatbots in Depression Interventions: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

BACKGROUND: Depression is a prevalent mental health disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide, creating substantial personal and societal b...

Artificial Intelligence in medical research and publishing: progress, risks, and future perspectives.

Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming medical research and scholarly publishing, reshaping how scientific knowledge is produced, evalua...