Pediatrics

Use of Artificial Intelligence in Radiology: Impact on Pediatric Patients, a White Paper From the ACR Pediatric AI Workgroup.

In this white paper, the ACR Pediatric AI Workgroup of the Commission on Informatics educates the radiology community about the health equity issue of the lack of pediatric artificial intelligence (AI), improves the understanding of relevant pediatric AI issues, and offers solutions to address the inadequacies in pediatric AI development. In short, the design, training, validation, and safe implem...

Application of Artificial Intelligence in the Early Detection of Retinopathy of Prematurity: Review of the Literature.

Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a potentially blinding disease in premature neonates that requires a skilled workforce for diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment. Artificial intelligence is a valuable tool that clinicians employ to reduce the screening burden on ophthalmologists and neonatologists and improve the detection of treatment-requiring ROP. Neural networks such as convolutional neural ...

Large language models in health care: Development, applications, and challenges.

Recently, the emergence of ChatGPT, an artificial intelligence chatbot developed by OpenAI, has attracted significant attention due to its exceptional...

Gradient-mixing LEGO robots for purifying DNA origami nanostructures of multiple components by rate-zonal centrifugation.

DNA origami purification is essential for many fields, including biophysics, molecular engineering, and therapeutics. The increasing interest in DNA o...

MRI-based deep learning model for differentiation of hepatic hemangioma and hepatoblastoma in early infancy.

UNLABELLED: Hepatic hemangioma (HH) and hepatoblastoma (HBL) are common pediatric liver tumors and present with similar clinical manifestations with l...

Digital pathology systems enabling quality patient care.

Pathology laboratories are undergoing digital transformations, adopting innovative technologies to enhance patient care. Digital pathology systems imp...

Unsupervised abnormality detection in neonatal MRI brain scans using deep learning.

Analysis of 3D medical imaging data has been a large topic of focus in the area of Machine Learning/Artificial Intelligence, though little work has be...

Establishment of a successful robotic pediatric general surgery practice.

Robotic-assisted surgery (RAS) has a variety of theoretical advantages, including tremor filtration, optimal visualization, and improvement of surgeon...

Anti-photoaging effects of canola meal extract on human dermal fibroblasts against UVB-induced oxidative stress.

Canola meal, a by-product of canola oil processing, is a source of bioactive compounds that show antioxidant and skin anti-aging effects through upcyc...

Patient Perspectives on Artificial Intelligence in Radiology.

There are two major areas for patient engagement in radiology artificial intelligence (AI). One is in the sharing of data for AI development; the seco...

Artificial intelligence in the neonatal intensive care unit: the time is now.

Artificial intelligence (AI) has the potential to revolutionize the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care by leveraging the large-scale, high-dimen...

Pediatric Injury Surveillance From Uncoded Emergency Department Admission Records in Italy: Machine Learning-Based Text-Mining Approach.

BACKGROUND: Unintentional injury is the leading cause of death in young children. Emergency department (ED) diagnoses are a useful source of informati...

Virtual agents and risk-taking behavior in adolescence: the twofold nature of nudging.

Peer pressure can influence risk-taking behavior and it is particularly felt during adolescence. With artificial intelligence (AI) increasingly presen...

The safe introduction of robotic surgery in a free-standing children's hospital.

The aim of this study is to report the experience of implementing a pediatric robotic surgery program at a free-standing pediatric teaching hospital. ...

Hybrid Recommender System for Mental Illness Detection in Social Media Using Deep Learning Techniques.

Recommender systems are chiefly renowned for their applicability in e-commerce sites and social media. For system optimization, this work introduces a...

Focus Issue on Artificial Intelligence in Pediatric Radiology: The TRY-Angle Approach.

Efficient reduction of Cr(VI) by guava (Psidium guajava) leaf extract and its mitigation effect on Cr toxicity in rice seedlings.

Hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) is a toxic element that has negative impacts on crop growth and yield. Using plant extracts to convert toxic Cr(VI) into ...

Applications of artificial intelligence in magnetic resonance imaging of primary pediatric cancers: a scoping review and CLAIM score assessment.

PURPOSES: To review the uses of AI for magnetic resonance (MR) imaging assessment of primary pediatric cancer and identify common literature topics an...

An FDA Guide on Indications for Use and Device Reporting of Artificial Intelligence-Enabled Devices: Significance for Pediatric Use.

Radiology has been a pioneer in adopting artificial intelligence (AI)-enabled devices into the clinic. However, initial clinical experience has identi...

Commercially Available Artificial Intelligence Algorithms of Interest to Pediatric Radiology: The Growing Gap Between Potential Use and Data Training.